Mannschaftssport bei Patient*innen mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen – Chancen und Risiken

Zusammenfassung

Mannschaftssport stellt ein vielversprechendes, jedoch bislang unzureichend genutztes Instrument in der rehabilitativen Versorgung von Menschen mit chronisch-entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen dar. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die systematische Darstellung der physiologischen, psychosozialen und klinischen Effekte sowie der potenziellen Risiken und Herausforderungen, die mit der Teilnahme am Teamsport verbunden sind.

Evidenzbasiert zeigen sich positive Auswirkungen auf Muskelfunktion, neuromuskuläre Koordination, Knochendichte und kardiovaskuläre Leistungsfähigkeit. Gleichzeitig fördert Mannschaftssport psychische Stabilität, Motivation, soziale Integration und Selbstwirksamkeit, wodurch die Lebensqualität und Krankheitsbewältigung signifikant verbessert werden können.

Demgegenüber stehen krankheitsspezifische Risiken, darunter gelenkbedingte Verletzungsanfälligkeit, abnorme Biomechanik, Fatigue sowie ein erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko unter immunsuppressiver Therapie. Weitere Herausforderungen ergeben sich aus Multimorbidität, Polypharmazie, fehlender professioneller Anleitung und sozialen Barrieren im sportlichen Umfeld.

Eine sichere und nachhaltige Integration erfordert daher eine individuelle Belastungssteuerung, die enge interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit von Rheumatolog*innen, Sportmediziner*innen und Trainer*innen sowie die Implementierung von präventiven und adaptiven Trainingskonzepten. Unter diesen Voraussetzungen kann Mannschaftssport als ganzheitlicher Therapieansatz zur Förderung körperlicher Leistungsfähigkeit, psychischer Gesundheit und sozialer Teilhabe einen bedeutenden Beitrag in der modernen Rheumatologie leisten.

Schlüsselwörter

Physiologische Effekte - psychosoziale Effekte - Belastbarkeit - Intensität - Risiko - Sportarten

Publication History

Article published online:
25 February 2026

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