Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Newborns in Northeast Mexico

Abstract

Objective Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) is the most common enzymatic disease worldwide and the prevalence is not well established because of the lack of screening. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of G6PDd in a Hispanic population from Northeast Mexico.

Study Design In this retrospective study, a database was used to analyze the G6PDd in neonates included in the expanded newborn metabolic screening of inherited metabolic disorders during a period of 4 years through the GSP Neonatal G6 kit (PerkinElmer).

Results Among 96,152 (48,462 male) neonates screened for G6PD enzyme activity, a total of 566 (0.58%) cases were deficient for G6PD. Of those 566 patients, 469 (82.8%) attended the second test and the other 97 (17.2%) patients were lost. Of those 469 who did attend, 384 (81.9%) neonates were deficient in the second test and 85 (18.1%) were normal. With the data collected, 384 neonates were confirmed with G6PDd, 348 (88.6%) were male and 36 (11.4%) patients were female. The calculated prevalence for this population was 0.72 cases per 100 male newborns.

Conclusion The prevalence of G6PDd in the Northeastern Mexican population is high. Since migration is increasing in the United States, pediatricians should be aware of the need to search for G6PDd in newborns and the wide clinical manifestations they can present.

Key Points

• The calculated prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Northeast Mexico is 3.99 cases per 1,000 newborns.

• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency screenings should be included in all newborn metabolic screenings.

• Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a common erythroenzymopathy that must be addressed as a public health concern. To anticipate clinical complications, target population monitoring is required.

Keywords

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase - newborn - prevalence - neonatal screening

Publication History

Received: 26 May 2021

Accepted: 03 August 2022

Accepted Manuscript online:
17 August 2022

Article published online:
29 December 2022

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