Sonografisches Neuromonitoring auf der Stroke Unit und in der neurologischen Intensivmedizin

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die aktuellen diagnostischen Einsatzmöglichkeiten sonographischer Anwendung in der neurologischen Intensivmedizin.

Methoden Selektive Literaturrecherche mit kritischer Beurteilung ab dem Jahr 1984 sowie nationaler und internationaler Leitlinien sowie Expertenmeinung.

Ergebnisse Neben der raschen validen Abklärung akuter Schlaganfälle bieten verschiedene neurosonografische Monitoring-verfahren gerade in der Intensivmedizin spezifische Vorteile wie die beliebig häufige Wiederholbarkeit am Patientenbett selbst und die Darstellung in Echtzeit. Innovative Entwicklungen machen die Neurosonografie auch wissenschaftlich zu einem interessanten Gebiet.

Schlussfolgerung Die neurosonografische Diagnostik nimmt seit Jahren einen wichtigen Stellenwert in der neurologischen Intensivmedizin ein. Weitere Anstrengungen sind notwendig, um die Verbreitung der Methode zu fördern und durch wissenschaftliche Evidenz zu stärken.

Abstract

Background To give an up-to-date overview of neurosonographic diagnostics in intensive care medicine.

Methods Selective literature research with critical appraisal from 1984 on including national and international guidelines, and expert opinion.

Results Fast and valid diagnostics in acute stroke is the main field of application of neurosonography. Specific sonographic monitoring methods bear great advantages for intensive care patients, especially “as-often-as-wanted” repetitive imaging under real-time conditions. A number of new developments make neurosonography an interesting area of research.

Conclusion Neurosonography has a key role in neurologic intensive care medicine since many years. It remains important to continuously spread the methods further and strengthen its validity by scientific evidence.

Schlüsselwörter

transkranielle Sonografie - extrakraniale Sonografie - Schlaganfall - Karotisstenose - Hirndruck - Hirntod

Key words

transcranial sonography - extracranial sonography - stroke - carotid stenosis - increased intracranial pressure - brain death

Publication History

Article published online:
09 June 2022

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