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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 130(09): 621-626
DOI: 10.1055/a-1743-2537
Article

COVID-19 Lockdown Periods in 2020: Good Maintenance of Metabolic Control in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

B Hartmann    *
1   Heilig-Geist Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Diabetology, Bensheim, Germany
,
S R Tittel   *
2   Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
3   German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
,
M Femerling
4   Praxis Prinzenstraße, Eckernförde, Germany
,
M. Pfeifer
5   Klinik Tettnang GmbH, Tettnang, Germany
,
S. Meyhöfer
3   German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
6   University of Lübeck, Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Lübeck, Germany
7   Department of Internal Medicine 1, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
,
K Lange
8   Hanover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Hanover, Germany
,
S Milek
9   Diabetes-Schwerpunkt und Schulungspraxis, Hohenmölsen, Germany
,
L Stemler
10   Diabetologikum DDG Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
,
F Best
11   Specialized diabetes practice, Essen, Germany
,
R W Holl
2   Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
3   German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by the German Centre of Diabetes Research (DZD) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 82DZD14A02). The German Diabetes Association (DDG), and the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) provided additional financial support for the DPV registry. The work described in this paper was also supported by the German Diabetes Foundation (grant number FP-0438-2021).
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Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were increased concerns about glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to assess changes in diabetes management during the COVID-19 lockdown for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) in Germany. We included data from 24,623 patients (age>18 years) with T1DM (N=6,975) or T2DM (N=17,648) with documented data in 2019 and 2020 from the multicenter Diabetes-Prospective Follow-up registry (DPV). We conducted a groupwise comparison of identical patients in 2019 and 2020 for different time periods of pandemia. Pairwise differences of continuous parameters of treatment modalities and metabolic outcome between 2019 and 2020 were adjusted for seasonality, age, and diabetes duration. We presented these outcomes as adjusted medians with 95% confidence intervals. Rates were compared using negative-binomial models, dichotomous outcomes were compared using logistic models. Models were additionally adjusted for age and diabetes duration. These outcomes were presented as least-square means with 95% confidence intervals, p-values of<.05 were considered significant.

In participants with T1DM, CGI (combined glucose indicator) increased only by 0.11–0.12% in all time periods of 2020 compared to 2019 (all p<0.001) while BMI decreased slightly by −(0.09–0.10) kg/m² (p<0.0001). In participants with T2DM, HbA1c increased by 0.12%, while BMI decreased slightly by −(0.05–0.06) kg/m² (p<0.0001).

During the COVID-19 lockdown period, patients with T1DM and T2DM experienced only clinically insignificant changes in glucose control or body weight. Despite lockdown restrictions, patients were able to maintain metabolic control.

Key words

Pandemia - diabetes self-management - HbA1c - obesity - remote diabetes care

* Hartmann B and Tittel SR contributed equally to the study.




Publication History

Received: 19 October 2021
Received: 05 December 2021

Accepted: 07 January 2022

Article published online:
18 February 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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