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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 130(09): 604-613
DOI: 10.1055/a-1729-7972
Article

Family Structure is Associated with Mental Health and Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorders in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Christina Baechle 
1   German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
,
Anna Stahl-Pehe
1   German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
,
Katty Castillo
1   German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
,
Reinhard W. Holl
2   University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
,
Joachim Rosenbauer
1   German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
3   German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research-funded Competence Network for Diabetes mellitus (grant numbers 01GI0802, 01GI1109A, 01GI0859, 01GI1106) and the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD; grant numbers 82DZD00202, 82DZD14A02). The German Diabetes Center receives institutional funding from the German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) and the Ministry of Culture and Science of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (MKW NRW). The DPV initiative is supported by the DZD, the Robert-Koch Institute and the EU-IMI2-project INNODIA. All funding sources were not involved in the study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, the writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication.
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Abstract

Objective To analyze the cross-sectional associations of family structure with mental health and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorders (AD(H)D) in 11- to 17-year-old adolescents with early-onset type 1 diabetes participating in one of three baseline surveys as part of an ongoing cohort study.

Methods Parents (n=1,631) completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire to screen for their child’s mental health and answered questions about their child’s diagnosis of AD(H)D. Associations between mental health or AD(H)D and family structure were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for various personal and diabetes-related variables.

Results Compared to adolescents living with both parents, adolescents living with one parent and his/her partner had 2.35 (95% confidence interval 1.32; 4.21) higher odds of abnormal screening result and 2.08 (1.09; 3.95) higher odds of a borderline screening result while adolescents living with a single parent had 1.84 (1.07; 3.17)/1.08 (0.53; 2.21) higher odds of abnormal/borderline screening results. The odds ratios for diagnosed attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder were 2.17 (0.98; 4.84) for adolescents living with one parent and his/her partner and 1.27 (0.54; 3.01) for those living with a single parent vs. both parents.

Conclusions Our results indicate higher odds of mental health problems and AD(H)D in adolescents with type 1 diabetes who do not live with both parents; this finding was most pronounced in individuals living with one parent and his/her partner vs. both parents. Longitudinal studies are needed to verify our results and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Key words

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD - adolescence - psychology - T1D - childhood diabetes


Publication History

Received: 27 August 2021

Accepted after revision: 20 December 2021

Article published online:
31 March 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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