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Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2018; 143(25): 1858-1863
DOI: 10.1055/a-0666-1962
Review
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Die Influenza 1918

The Pandemic Influenza 1918
Bernd Salzberger
  Stabsstelle Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
,
Arno Mohr
  Stabsstelle Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
,
Florian Hitzenbichler
  Stabsstelle Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
18 December 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Influenza 1918 war die größte Pandemie des 20. Jahrhunderts und hat eine große Zahl an Opfern gefordert. Das öffentliche Echo der Pandemie war in Deutschland aufgrund des Endes des Ersten Weltkrieges eher verhalten, allerdings wurde die Pandemie ausführlich in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur behandelt. In Europa war die Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift das erste Publikationsorgan, das von der Pandemie ab Juli 1918 ausführlich berichtete. Von Beginn an war die Frage des Erregers kontrovers, sie wurde 1930 endgültig geklärt. Zeitgenössische Publikationen und aktuelle Untersuchungen demonstrieren klar die prominente Rolle bakterieller Koinfektionen für die hohe Rate von Komplikationen und Todesfällen. Der Ablauf der Pandemie und die wissenschaftliche Aufarbeitung bis in die heutige Zeit werden hier dargestellt.

Abstract

The pandemic influenza 1918 was the greatest pandemic of the 20th century with a high death toll worldwide. Due to the wartime, the public reaction in Germany to the pandemic was subdued. The international scientific debate in Europe began with the first publications by the Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift in July 1918. One of the many open questions was the search for the infectious agent causing influenza which was not solved until 1930. The historical publications and additional later research clearly point to the prominent role of bacterial coinfections for the high rate of complications and deaths during the pandemic. This article lines out the scientific debate from 1918 until now.

Schlüsselwörter

Influenza - Influenza A H1N1 - Influenza 1918 - Influenza-A-Virus - bakterielle Koinfektion - Pneumokokken-Pneumonie

Key words

influenza - influenza A H1N1 - influenza 1918 - influenza A virus - pneumococcal pneumonia - bacterial coinfection
 

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