Validierung der deutschen Version des Eating Assessment Tool bei Kopf-Hals-Tumor-Patienten

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die Erfassung von subjektiv empfundenen Schluckbeschwerden bildet ein wichtiges Element in einem multidimensionalen und damit modernen Management von schluckgestörten Patienten infolge eines Kopf-Hals-Tumors. Zur Verfügung steht hier der international anerkannte und validierte 10-Item-Fragebogen EAT-10, der 2008 von Belafsky et al. entwickelt und validiert wurde. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Übersetzung des EAT-10 in die deutsche Sprache und dessen Validierung für Patienten mit einem Kopf-Hals-Tumor.

Material und Methoden Nach Übersetzung des EAT-10 ins Deutsche gemäß den Richtlinien zur Übersetzung fremdsprachlicher Messinstrumente erfolgte die Validierung des gEAT-10 anhand von 210 Kopf-Hals-Tumor-Patienten. Ermittelt wurden die Reliabilität anhand der internen Konsistenz (Cronbachs Alpha) und Eigentrennschärfe (Spearman-Korrelation). Die Konstruktvalidität wurde geprüft anhand der uni- und multivariaten Berechnung der Verteilung von gEAT-10-Gesamtscores abhängig von Geschlecht, Alter, BMI, Tumorstadium und -lokalisation sowie der Art der onkologischen Therapie.

Ergebnisse Die interne Konsistenz betrug α = 0,94. Die Eigentrennschärfe variierte zwischen ρ = 0,59 und ρ = 0,85. Es ließ sich kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen gEAT-10-Gesamtscore und Geschlecht bzw. Alter univariat erkennen, jedoch einer für BMI, Tumorstadium und -lokalisation sowie Art der onkologischen Therapie. In der Regression lieferte dagegen nur das Tumorstadium ein signifikantes Ergebnis.

Schlussfolgerung Der gEAT-10 erwies sich als ein reliabler und konstruktvalider Fragebogen zur Erfassung subjektiver Schluckbeschwerden bei Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumor.

Abstract

Objective The assessment of subjective swallowing complaints constitutes an important element in a multidimensional, modern management of head and neck cancer patients suffering from dysphagia. For this purpose, an internationally recognized and validated 10-item questionnaire EAT-10 is used that was developed and validated by Belafski et al. in 2008. The purpose of the present study is the translation of EAT-10 into the German language and its validation for head and neck cancer patients.

Material and Methods After the translation of EAT-10 into German according to the guidelines for the translation of foreign measuring instruments, a validation of gEAT-10 was carried out on the basis of the sample of 210 head and neck cancer patients. The reliability was determined by means of the internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha) and item-total correlations (Spearman). The construct validity was verified by the uni- and multivariate analyses of the distribution of gEAT-10 total scores depending on gender, age, BMI, tumor stage and localization as well as type of the oncological therapy.

Results The internal consistency amounted to α = .94, the item-total correlations varied between ρ = .59 and ρ = .85. No significant associations between gEAT-10 total scores and gender as well as age were identified in univariate calculations. Such associations were found for BMI, tumor stage and localization as well as type of the oncological therapy. However, only the tumor stage yielded a significant result in a regression.

Conclusions The gEAT-10 was shown to be a reliable and construct valid questionnaire for the assessment of subjective swallowing complaints in patients with head and neck cancer.

Schlüsselwörter

Fragebogen - Schluckstörung - oropharyngeale Dysphagie - Kopf-Hals-Tumor - EAT-10 - Validierung

Key words

questionnaire - swallowing disorder - oropharyngeal dysphagia - head and neck cancer - EAT-10 - validation

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