DOI:
        10.1055/s-00000169
      
      
        American Journal of Perinatology Reports
      
      
        
          
            Issue 03 ·
           Volume 15 ·
           July 2025
            
          
           DOI: 10.1055/s-015-61971 
          
          
          
  
    
      
    
  
  
        
        
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
        
          
            
              
              
              
                
                  
                    
                    
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Original Article
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e98
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Babbar, Shilpa; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Williams, Karen B.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Vawter, Lisa: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
        
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e106
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Connolly, Courtney T.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Xie, Siwei; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Gough, Ethan; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Toscano, Marika A.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e129
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Demsew, Habtamu Dagnew; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Ebabey, Atirsaw; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tsehaye, Winta; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Addis, Nigat Amsalu; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Nigusie, Adane; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Arefayne, Nurhussien Riskey; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Anteneh, Demelash Gedefaye; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Admassie, Belete Muluadam: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e146
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Sherwood, Molly R.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Weathersby, Bethany M.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Granger, Marion E.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Shanahan, Kathryn A.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Markham, Kara B.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e155
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Takahashi, Yuichiro; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Iwagaki, Shigenori; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Asai, Kazuhiko; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Matsui, Masako; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Shimaoka, Ryuichi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Ono, Hitomi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Inuzuka, Saki: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Case Report
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e113
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Trivedi, Krishna; 
              
            
          
            
              
              D.-Williams, Janet; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rao, Rohan; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rometo, Allison; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Miller, Benjamin: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e116
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Yin, Yi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Huang, Xinyue; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Shi, Yun; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Huang, Cheng; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Yu, Jian; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Liu, Qingsong: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
        
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e124
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Manyazewal, Leul M.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Teferi, Mikiyas G.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Teklehaimanot, Helina K.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Negussie, Michael A.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Demeke, Leleul M.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Abate, Absira B.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e142
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Toledo-Jaldin, Lilian; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Gomez, Richard; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Lazo-Vega, Litzi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Larrea, Alison; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Vásquez, Adolfo; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Ormachea-Orellana, Wilson; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Miranda-Garrido, Valquiria; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Julian, Colleen G.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e163
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              White, Hannah; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Sybenga, Amelia: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Corrigendum
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e154
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Toledo-Jaldin, Lilian; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Gomez, Richard; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Lazo-Vega, Litzi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Larrea, Alison; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Vásquez, Adolfo; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Ormachea-Orellana, Wilson; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Miranda-Garrido, Valquiria; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Julian, Colleen G.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        e162
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Takahashi, Yuichiro; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Iwagaki, Shigenori; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Asai, Kazuhiko; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Matsui, Masako; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Shimaoka, Ryuichi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Ono, Hitomi; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Inuzuka, Saki: