DOI:
        10.1055/s-00000071
      
      
        Seminars in Neurology
      
      
        
          
            Issue 05 ·
           Volume 38 ·
           October 2018
            
          
           DOI: 10.1055/s-008-41646 
          
            
          
          Guest Editors, Ariane Lewis, MD, and James L. Bernat, MD
          
        
        
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
      
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
        
          
            
              
              
              
                
                  
                    
                    
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Introduction to the Guest Editors
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        493
      
    
  
  
  
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Preface
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        495
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Lewis, Ariane; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Bernat, James L.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                            
                            Review Article
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        497
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Traner, Christopher B.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tolchin, Dorothy W.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Tolchin, Benjamin: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        505
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Su, Xiaowei W.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Simmons, Zachary: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        515
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Wheeler, Natalie C.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Murali, Sadhana; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Sattin, Justin A.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        522
      
    
  
  
  
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        533
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Lang, Abigail; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Paquette, Erin Talati: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        539
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Vaishnav, Neil H.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Chiong, Winston: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        548
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Septien, Spencer; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rubin, Michael A.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        555
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Graham, Mackenzie; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Doherty, Colin P.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Naci, Lorina: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        561
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Cifrese, Laura; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Rincon, Fred: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        569
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Brizzi, K.; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Creutzfeldt, C. J.: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        576
      
    
  
  
  
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        583
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
    
      
    
    
      
        
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
            
              
            
          
          
          
            
              
              Kearns, Lisa; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Bateman-House, Alison; 
              
            
          
            
              
              Caplan, Arthur: 
              
            
          
      
    
    
    
    
      
      
        
      
      
        
        
        
      
    
    
      
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
    
   
                      
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                            
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
                          
  
  
    
      
        589