A 63-year-old man underwent placement of a self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) for palliation
across a malignant esophageal stricture due to adenocarcinoma of the lower esophagus.
He also underwent palliative chemotherapy with good radiological regression of the
original tumor. He presented with dyspeptic symptoms 3 months after stent placement,
and a gastroscopy revealed the stent to be lying free in the stomach ([Fig. 1]). An attempt was not made to retrieve the stent at the time. He presented again
2 weeks later with abdominal pain and vomiting. An abdominal radiograph revealed features
of small-bowel obstruction with two fragments of the stent seen at different levels
in the small bowel ([Fig. 2]). A computed tomography scan of the abdomen confirmed this finding ([Fig. 3]). The distal fragment was identified to be lying in the distal ileum, with the proximal
fragment in the distal jejunum/proximal ileum. Laparotomy revealed that the stent
had indeed fractured into two fragments and that the distal end of the stent lay embedded
in the ileal wall with a localized perforation ([Fig. 4]). A limited ileal resection and end-to-end anastomosis was performed. The patient
had an uneventful recovery.
SEMS are prone to migration, and migration rates of 5 % – 32 % have been reported,
leading to intestinal obstruction in 4.3 % of cases [1]. SEMS have also been known to fracture, and acid corrosion has been blamed for this
complication [2]
[3]. Fractured stents are very likely to migrate and cause perforation and should therefore
be retrieved endoscopically, if possible, from the stomach.
Fig. 1 Endoscopic image of the stent lying free in the stomach.
Fig. 2 Abdominal radiograph showing dilated loops of small bowel with the two fragments of
the stent lying at different levels (black arrow: proximal end of the stent; white
arrow: distal end).
Fig. 3 Computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealing the two fragments of the stent (black
arrow: proximal end of the stent; white arrow: distal end).
Fig. 4 Resected specimen of ileum with the distal end of the stent embedded in the ileal
wall (site of the perforation, white arrow) and the proximal end of the stent lying
free in the ileal lumen (black arrow).
Endoscopy_UCTN_Code_CPL_1AH_2AD
