Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Bei kolorektalen Operationen konnte die Verweildauer durch die Implementierung von
multimodalen, sogenannten „Fast-track”-Schemata zur Beschleunigung der Rekonvaleszenz
verkürzt werden. Die vorliegende prospektive kontrollierte Studie sollte zeigen, ob
die „Fast-track”-Behandlung auch bei elektiven Ileostomarückverlagerungen zu einer
Verkürzung des Krankenhausaufenthaltes führt. Patienten und Methoden: Alle Patienten, die sich einer elektiven Rückverlagerung eines protektiven doppelläufigen
Ileostomas unterzogen, wurden prospektiv untersucht. Dabei wurde eine Gruppe (n = 20)
nach einem konventionellen Therapieschema behandelt. Bei der zweiten Gruppe (n = 20)
erfolgte der konsequente Einsatz eines „Fast-track”-Therapieschemas mit Verzicht auf
Opioidanalgesie, frühzeitiger enteraler Ernährung und Mobilisation. Ergebnisse: Der orale Kostaufbau mit flüssiger und fester Ernährung gelang in der „Fast-track”-Gruppe
früher als in der Kontrollgruppe. Dabei kam es nicht zu einem Anstieg der postoperativen
Komplikationen. Die Patienten der „Fast-track”-Gruppe konnten im Median 3 Tage früher
aus der stationären Behandlung entlassen werden (p = 0,01). Schlussfolgerung: Die konsequente Implementierung eines „Fast-track”-Therapieschemas kann zu einer
Reduktion der Krankenhausverweildauer nach elektiver Ileostomarückverlagerung beitragen.
Abstract
Background and Aims: After colorectal resections, concepts for early recovery (ERAS or fast-track) could
reduce the length of the hospital stay. Whether or not such a multimodal treatment
can shorten the hospitalisation after loop ileostomy closure was investigated in the
present study. Patients and Methods: All patients admitted for elective closure of a loop ileostomy were prospectively
investigated. The first group (n = 20) was postoperatively treated in a conventional
manner. In the other group (n = 20), a concept for “fast-track” rehabilitation including
early oral feeding, early mobilisation and abandonment of opioid analgesia was used.
Results: Oral feeding with liquids and solid food was tolerated in the “fast-track” group
earlier than after conventional treatment. There was no increase in the incidence
of postoperative complications. Patients of the “fast-track” group could be discharged
3 days earlier on average (p = 0,01). Conclusion: “Fast-track” rehabilitation can shorten the length of hospitalisation after elective
ileostomy closure.
Schlüsselwörter
Ileostoma - perioperative Behandlung - Rekonvaleszenz - Morbidität
Key words
ileostomy closure - fast-track - rehabilitation - morbidity
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Dr. med. W. Raue
Universitätsklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie · Charité
Campus Mitte
Charitéplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Phone: 0 30 / 4 50 52 20 48
Fax: 0 30 / 4 50 52 29 12
Email: wieland.raue@charite.de