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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027626
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Perianales Fistelleiden bei Morbus Crohn – Biologika und Chirurgie: Ein lohnendes Konzept?
Perianal Fistulas in Crohn’s Disease – Biologicals and Surgery: Is It Worthwhile?Publikationsverlauf
Manuskript eingetroffen: 27.4.2008
Manuskript akzeptiert: 16.6.2008
Publikationsdatum:
03. Dezember 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Perianale Fisteln und Abszesse treten bei 30 – 40 % der Patienten mit Morbus Crohn (MC) auf. Die Fisteln sind häufig mit einer Crohn-Manifestation des Analkanals assoziiert und können fuchsbauartig verzweigt sein. Neben der klinischen Untersuchung mit Rektoskopie, Fistelsondierung und Fistulografie ergänzen Endosonografie und Magnetresonanztomografie die Diagnostik. Es gibt stadiengerechte Konzepte für die operative und die konventionell konservative Therapie. Unbefriedigend hingegen sind die Therapieoptionen für ein komplexes Fistelleiden und den Remissionserhalt – Crohn-Fisteln weisen eine sehr hohe und frühzeitige Rezidivrate auf. Erste Studien über den Einsatz von Biologika wie Anti-TNF-α-Antikörper, insbesondere Infliximab, zeigen gute Ergebnisse in der Initialtherapie und in der Rezidivprophylaxe. Langzeitergebnisse, vor allem der neueren Anti-TNF-α-Antikörper, stehen noch aus. Diese Übersichtsarbeit analysiert die vorhandene Literatur und erarbeitet eine Empfehlung zum stadiengerechten Einsatz von Biologica in Kombination mit der chirurgischen Therapie beim perianalen Fistelleiden bei MC.
Abstract
Perianal fistulas and abscesses are a common manifestation in Crohn’s disease (CD), seen in about 30 – 40 % of the patients. Often they are combined with CD of the anal canal and occur as a complex system of fistulas. The evaluation of these fistulas can be done with endoscopic ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, the conceptual accuracy of both methods is high. There are accepted therapeutic concepts for surgery and for the conventional drug therapy according to the classification of the fistulas. In contrast, the therapeutic regimens for a complex perianal fistulising CD are not convincing, especially not for maintainance therapy. However, several studies about therapy with anti-TNF-α antibodies have shown good results while long-time results with other recent anti-TNF-α antibodies apart from infliximab are still lacking. In this review article we analyse the current literature and develop a stage-adapted therapy for the use of biologicals and surgery in fistulising perianal CD.
Schlüsselwörter
Morbus Crohn - Analfisteln - Anti-TNF-α-Antikörper - Infliximab - Chirurgische Therapie
Key words
Crohn’s disease - anal fistula - anti-TNF-α antibodies - infliximab - surgical therapy
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Prof. Dr. Guido Schürmann
Allgemein-, Gefäß- und Viszeralchirurgie, Klinikum Itzehoe
Robert-Koch-Straße 2
25524 Itzehoe
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eMail: s.eder@kh-itzehoe.de