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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027577
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Wirksamkeit von Azathioprin bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Efficacy of Azathioprine in Rheumatoid ArthritisPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
21. Juli 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Azathioprin (AZA) wird seit 1960 zur Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) eingesetzt und wurde zwischen 1970 und 1996 in mehreren kontrollierten Therapiestudien untersucht. Unter einer AZA-Therapie kann mit einer Verbesserung der klinischen Parameter der RA um etwa 30 – 50 % gerechnet werden, auch kommt es zu einer geringen Verlangsamung der Röntgenprogression. AZA ist in seiner klinischen Effektivität in etwa vergleichbar mit Gold, Cyclophosphamid, Cyclosporin A, Penicillamin und Chloroquin, im Vergleich mit Methotrexat (5 – 15 mg pro Woche) hingegen eher unterlegen. Die maximale Effektivität von AZA tritt unter Umständen erst nach 6 – 12 Monaten ein. Aufgrund der nur mäßigen klinischen Effektivität, höherer Abbruchraten im Vergleich zu MTX und Verfügbarkeit neuerer Therapieprinzipien (z. B. Biologika) spielt AZA als Basistherapeutikum zur Therapie der RA heutzutage nur noch eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Abstract
Azathioprin (AZA) has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1960 s. Several controlled clinical trials in RA using AZA were conducted between 1970 and 1995. Under AZA therapy the clinical disease activity of RA improves by about 30 – 50 %, a minor effect on the radiographic progression was noted in a few studies. The clinical efficacy of AZA in the treatment of RA is comparable with that of gold, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A, pencillamine, and chloroquine but is inferior in comparison to methotrexate (5 – 15 mg per week). It may take 6 to 12 months before the full clinical efficacy of AZA is detectable. In the light of the only moderate effects of AZA on the clinical activity of RA, higher discontinuation rates in comparison to MTX, and the availability of new treatment options (i. e., biologicals), AZA today no longer plays a major role in the treatment of RA.
Schlüsselwörter
rheumatoide Arthritis - Azathioprin - Basistherapie - DMARD - klinische Studie
Key words
rheumatoid arthritis - azathioprine - basic therapy - DMARD - clinical trial
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PD Dr. Martin Rudwaleit
Med. Klinik I, Rheumatologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin-Franklin
Hindenburgdamm 30
12203 Berlin
eMail: martin.rudwaleit@charite.de