Zusammenfassung
Patienten vor chirurgischer Adipositastherapie zeigen häufig Episoden von nächtlichem
Essen. Über den Zusammenhang zwischen nächtlichem Essen, Gewicht, pathologischem Essverhalten
und allgemeiner Psychopathologie ist bis jetzt jedoch wenig bekannt. 148 adipöse Patientinnen
und Patienten (mittlerer BMI 49,3; SD 7,8) vor chirurgischer Adipositastherapie wurden
mittels Selbst- und Fremdbeurteilungsverfahren zu Essverhalten, essstörungsspezifischer
Psychopathologie, allgemeiner Psychopathologie und Lebensqualität befragt. Dabei verglichen
wir Patientinnen und Patienten, die in den letzten 4 Wochen zumindest einmaliges nächtliches
Essen angaben mit Patientinnen und Patienten ohne nächtliches Essen. 29 Patientinnen
und Patienten (19,6 %) gaben an, in den letzten 28 Tagen nachts aufgewacht zu sein
und gegessen zu haben (nächtliches Essen). Nächtliche Esser zeigten einen signifikant
höheren BMI (kg/m2) und gaben stärkere störende Hungergefühle an. Es ergaben sich signifikante Unterschiede
bezüglich der psychischen Anteile der Lebensqualität, in den anderen Lebensqualitätsmesswerten
ergaben sich nur wenige Unterschiede. Nächtliche Esser gaben deutlich höhere (pathologischere)
Werte in den Instrumenten zu Depressivität und Angst an. Einen Zusammenhang zwischen
der „Binge-Eating”-Störung und nächtlichem Essen konnten wir nicht finden.
Abstract
Nocturnal eating is common among obese patients prior to bariatric surgery. Little
is known about the relationship between nocturnal eating, eating-related and general
psychopathology, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). A group of 148 obese
patients (mean BMI 49.3, SD 7.8) prior to bariatric surgery were investigated. We
compared patients who reported nocturnal eating at least once in the last 4 weeks
with patients without nocturnal eating episodes. Patients completed a battery of questionnaires
assessing eating related and general psychopathology and quality of life. Twenty-nine
(19.6 %) patients reported nocturnal eating (eating after waking up at night) during
the last 28 nights, men and women did not differ in frequency of nocturnal eating.
Patients with nocturnal eating reported a significantly higher BMI (kg/m2), more feelings of hunger, and significantly more impairment in the mental aspects
of HRQOL. The other measures of HRQOL showed only minor differences. Measures of general
psychopathology (depression and anxiety) also differed significantly with nocturnal
eating patients reporting significantly more impairment. Binge eating disorder and
nocturnal eating showed no association.
Key words
nocturnal eating - bariatric surgery - psychopathology - binge eating disorder
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Prof. Dr. med. Martina de Zwaan
Psychosomatische und Psychotherapeutische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
Schwabachanlage 6
91054 Erlangen
eMail: martina.dezwaan@uk-erlangen.de
