Endoscopy 2007; 39: E26-E27
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966223
Unusual cases and technical notes

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Endoscopic features of intestinal follicular lymphoma: the value of double-balloon enteroscopy

S. Nakamura1 , T. Matsumoto1 , J. Umeno1 , S. Yanai1 , Y. Shono1 , H. Suekane2 , M. Hirahashi3 , T. Yao3 , M. Iida1
  • 1Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 2Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
  • 3Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Weitere Informationen

S. Nakamura, M. D.

Department of Medicine and Clinical Science

Graduate School of Medical Sciences
Kyushu University
Maidashi 3-1-1
Higashi-ku
Fukuoka 812-8582
Japan

Fax: +81-92-642-5273

eMail: shonaka@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
07. Februar 2007 (online)

Inhaltsübersicht

Intestinal follicular lymphoma is uncommon, and its endoscopic appearance has seldom been described [1] [2] [3] [4]. We report five patients with primary intestinal follicular lymphoma in whom the whole of the gastrointestinal tract were examined using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, and double-balloon enteroscopy [5].

The clinical and endoscopic features of the five patients are summarized in Table [1]. All the patients underwent EGD, colonoscopy, and double-balloon enteroscopy via antegrade and retrograde approaches (Fujinon-Toshiba ES Systems Co., Tokyo, Japan). Four patients (80 %) had lesions in multiple sites in the gastrointestinal tract. The most frequent site was the jejunum, followed by the duodenum and the ileum. In three patients, EGD revealed multiple small, whitish nodules in duodenum, predominantly around the ampulla of Vater. On colonoscopy, one patient was found to have a superficially elevated lesion with aggregates of small nodules in the rectum (Figure [1]), in addition to the ileal lesions. Interestingly, this Helicobacter pylori-negative patient showed regression of both rectal and ileal lesions on follow-up colonoscopy 15 months after antibiotic treatment.

Zoom Image

Figure 1 Colonoscopic view showing a superficially elevated lesion composed of aggregates of small nodules in the rectum in patient 3.

Table 1 Clinical and endoscopic features of five patients with primary intestinal follicular lymphoma
PatientAge/SexSymptomsStageSites involvedEGD findingsColonoscopic findingsDBE findingsTreatmentResponse to treatmentClinical outcome
155/MNoneIDMultiple small nodules (D)NormalLP-like* (I)Antibiotics †Not evaluatedAlive with disease, 3 months
258/MAbdominal pain, emesisII2 J, I**NormalNormalStenosis, mass, fold swelling, LP (J)Surgery plus R-CHOPComplete remissionAlive without disease, 12 months
360/FNoneIJ, I, RNormalNodule aggregates (R), LP (I)LP (J, I)Antibiotics ‡Partial remissionAlive with disease, 20 months
464/MNoneII1 D, JMultiple small nodules (D)NormalMass, fold swelling, LP (J)R-CHOPPartial remissionAlive with disease, 10 months
571/MAbdominal pain, nauseaIVD, JMultiple small nodules (D)NormalStenosis, mass, fold swelling, LP (J)R-CHOPPartial remissionAlive with disease,
6 months
EGD, esophagogastroduodenoscopy; DBE, double-balloon enteroscopy; LP, lymphomatous polyposis; R-CHOP, rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone.
D, duodenum; I, ileum; J, jejunum; R, rectum.
* Numerous small polypoid lesions were observed but biopsies failed to reveal lymphoma cells.
** Detected by intraoperative enteroscopy.
† Lansoprazole plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin for 7 days.
‡ Rabeprazole plus amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole for 14 days

Double-balloon enteroscopy revealed multiple polypoid lesions resembling lymphomatous polyposis in long segments of the jejunum or ileum in four patients (80 %) (Figure [2 ] a, b). The remaining patient also showed lymphomatous polyposis-like lesions in the ileum, but multiple biopsies failed to reveal lymphoma cells. Swollen Kerckring folds with mass formation was observed in three patients, and severe jejunal stenosis in two (Figure [2 ] c, d). In all the patients, a histologic diagnosis of grade 1 follicular lymphoma was made by endoscopic biopsy, with infiltration of neoplastic cells positive for CD20, CD79a, CD10, and BCL2 but negative for CD3, CD5, and cyclin D1.

Zoom Image
Zoom Image
Zoom Image
Zoom Image

Figure 2 Double-balloon enteroscopic views of the jejunum in patients with intestinal follicular lymphoma. Numerous polypoid lesions of varying sizes, resembling lymphomatous polyposis, were seen, illustrated by images from patient 4 (a) and patient 5 (b). Patient 5 also showed mass formation (c), and patient 2 had a severe jejunal stenosis due to mass formation with swelling of Kerckring folds (d).

A variety of endoscopic features of intestinal follicular lymphoma were observed. Lymphomatous polyposis is considered to be one of the most characteristic findings, and this can often be detected using double-balloon enteroscopy. Double-balloon enteroscopy is a valuable tool for the detection and accurate diagnosis of the small-intestinal lesions of this disease.

#

Acknowledgment

The authors are grateful for the help kindly provided by Professor Morishige Takeshita (Fukuoka University, Japan).

Endoscopy_UCTN_Code_CCL_1AC_2AC

#

References

  • 1 Nakamura S, Matsumoto T, Iida M. et al . Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma in Japan: a clinicopathologic analysis of 455 patients with special reference to its time trends.  Cancer. 2003;  97 2462-2473
  • 2 Yoshino T, Miyake K, Ichimura K. et al . Increased incidence of follicular lymphoma of the duodenum.  Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;  24 688-693
  • 3 Shia J, Teruya-Feldstein J, Pan D. et al . Primary follicular lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract: a clinical and pathologic study of 26 cases.  Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;  26 216-224
  • 4 Damaj G, Verkarre V, Delmer A. et al . Primary follicular lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract: a study of 25 cases and a literature review.  Ann Oncol. 2003;  14 623-629
  • 5 Matsumoto T, Esaki M, Moriyama T. et al . Comparison of capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy with double-balloon method in patients with obscure bleeding and polyposis.  Endoscopy. 2005;  37 827-832

S. Nakamura, M. D.

Department of Medicine and Clinical Science

Graduate School of Medical Sciences
Kyushu University
Maidashi 3-1-1
Higashi-ku
Fukuoka 812-8582
Japan

Fax: +81-92-642-5273

eMail: shonaka@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

#

References

  • 1 Nakamura S, Matsumoto T, Iida M. et al . Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma in Japan: a clinicopathologic analysis of 455 patients with special reference to its time trends.  Cancer. 2003;  97 2462-2473
  • 2 Yoshino T, Miyake K, Ichimura K. et al . Increased incidence of follicular lymphoma of the duodenum.  Am J Surg Pathol. 2000;  24 688-693
  • 3 Shia J, Teruya-Feldstein J, Pan D. et al . Primary follicular lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract: a clinical and pathologic study of 26 cases.  Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;  26 216-224
  • 4 Damaj G, Verkarre V, Delmer A. et al . Primary follicular lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract: a study of 25 cases and a literature review.  Ann Oncol. 2003;  14 623-629
  • 5 Matsumoto T, Esaki M, Moriyama T. et al . Comparison of capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy with double-balloon method in patients with obscure bleeding and polyposis.  Endoscopy. 2005;  37 827-832

S. Nakamura, M. D.

Department of Medicine and Clinical Science

Graduate School of Medical Sciences
Kyushu University
Maidashi 3-1-1
Higashi-ku
Fukuoka 812-8582
Japan

Fax: +81-92-642-5273

eMail: shonaka@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Zoom Image

Figure 1 Colonoscopic view showing a superficially elevated lesion composed of aggregates of small nodules in the rectum in patient 3.

Zoom Image
Zoom Image
Zoom Image
Zoom Image

Figure 2 Double-balloon enteroscopic views of the jejunum in patients with intestinal follicular lymphoma. Numerous polypoid lesions of varying sizes, resembling lymphomatous polyposis, were seen, illustrated by images from patient 4 (a) and patient 5 (b). Patient 5 also showed mass formation (c), and patient 2 had a severe jejunal stenosis due to mass formation with swelling of Kerckring folds (d).