Download PDF
Horm Metab Res 2007; 39(1): 25-30
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-957343
Original Clinical

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Circulating Serum Adiponectin Concentrations do not Differ between Obese and Non-obese Caucasians and are Unrelated to Insulin Sensitivity

M. Owecki 1 , A. Miczke 2 , D. Pupek-Musialik 2 , W. Bryl 2 , M. Cymerys 2 , E. Nikisch 3 , J. Sowiński 1
  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poland
  • 2Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disturbances and Hypertension, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań Poland
  • 3Department of Informatics and Statistics, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poland
Further Information

Publication History

Received 2. 5. 2006

Accepted 14. 8. 2006

Publication Date:
16 January 2007 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Reduced serum levels of adiponectin in obesity and insulin resistance seem paradoxical, since adipose tissue is the only source of adiponectin, and reports on that subject are contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of adiponectin in non-obese and obese normoglycemic humans, and to determine the correlation between adiponectin and HOMA index of insulin sensitivity. Based on the WHO definition of obesity, 145 obese subjects and 49 non-obese controls (aged 20-55 years) were studied. The serum adiponectin concentrations did not differ between subjects and controls (p=0.6398) and were not correlated with HOMA index (r=-0.0211; p=0.8048, and r=-0.0523; p=0.4757, for subjects and controls, respectively). Adiponectin was not correlated with HOMA index in females (r=-0.0521; p=0.6546, and r=-0.0825; p=0.3981, for female subjects and controls, respectively) as well as in males (r=0.0033; p=0.9791, and r=0.0123; p=0.9131, for male subjects and controls, respectively). These results lead to the conclusion that neither the concentrations of adiponectin differ between obese and non-obese humans, nor does any relationship between adiponectin concentration and insulin sensitivity exist.

Key words

adipose - obesity - HOMA index - metabolism - diabetes

References

  • 1 Friedman JM. Obesity in the new millennium.  Nature. 2000;  404 632-634
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Scherer PE, Williams S, Fogliano M, Baldini G, Lodish HF. A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes.  J Biol Chem. 1995;  270 26746-26749
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Fruebis J, Tsao TS, Javorschi S, Ebbets-Reed D, Erickson MR, Yen FT, Bihain BE, Lodish HF. Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice.  Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001;  98 2005-2010
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Berg AH, Combs TP, Scherer PE. ACRP30/adiponectin: an adipokine regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.  Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2002;  13 84-89
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Kubota N, Terauchi Y, Yamauchi T, Kubota T, Moroi M, Matsui J, Eto K, Yamashita T, Kamon J, Satoh H, Yano W, Froguel P, Nagai R, Kimura S, Kadowaki T, Noda T. Disruption of adiponectin causes insulin resistance and neointimal formation.  J Biol Chem. 2002;  277 25863-25866
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Berg AH, Combs TP, Du X, Brownlee M, Scherer PE. The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action.  Nat Med. 2001;  7 947-953
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Ito Y, Tsuchida A, Yokomizo T, Kita S, Sugiyama T, Miyagishi M, Hara K, Tsunoda M, Murakami K, Ohteki T, Uchida S, Takekawa S, Waki H, Tsuno NH, Shibata Y, Terauchi Y, Froguel P, Tobe K, Koyasu S, Taira K, Kitamura T, Shimizu T, Nagai R, Kadowaki T. Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects.  Nature. 2003;  423 762-769
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Arita Y, Kihara S, Ouchi N, Takahashi M, Maeda K, Miyagawa J, Hotta K, Shimomura I, Nakamura T, Miyaoka K, Kuriyama H, Nishida M, Yamashita S, Okubo K, Matsubara K, Muraguchi M, Ohmoto Y, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y. Paradoxical decrease of an adipose-specific protein, adiponectin, in obesity.  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999;  257 79-83
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Staiger H, Tschritter O, Machann J, Thamer C, Fritsche A, Maerker E, Schick F, Haring HU, Stumvoll M. Relationship of serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations with body fat distribution in humans.  Obes Res. 2003;  11 368-372
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Herrmann BL, Saller B, Stratmann M, Berg C, Mann K, Janssen OE. Effects of a combination of rhGH and metformin on adiponectin levels in patients with metabolic syndrome.  Horm Metab Res. 2005;  37 49-52
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Pellme F, Smith U, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Brekke H, Wiklund O, Taskinen MR, Jansson PA. Circulating adiponectin levels are reduced in nonobese but insulin-resistant first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients.  Diabetes. 2003;  52 1182-1186
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Weyer C, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, Hotta K, Matsuzawa Y, Pratley RE, Tataranni PA. Hypoadiponectinemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes: close association with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;  86 1930-1935
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Kern PA, Di Gregorio GB, Lu T, Rassouli N, Ranganathan G. Adiponectin expression from human adipose tissue: relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and tumor necrosis factor-expression.  Diabetes. 2003;  52 1779-1785
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Forst T, Hohberg C, Fuellert SD, Lubben G, Konrad T, Lobig M, Weber MM, Sachara C, Gottschall V, Pfutzner A. Pharmacological PPARgamma stimulation in contrast to beta cell stimulation results in an improvement in adiponectin and proinsulin intact levels and reduces intima media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes.  Horm Metab Res. 2005;  37 521-527
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Nassis GP, Papantakou K, Skenderi K, Triandafillopoulou M, Kavouras SA, Yannakoulia M, Chrousos GP, Sidossis LS. Aerobic exercise training improves insulin sensitivity without changes in body weight, body fat, adiponectin, and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese girls.  Metabolism. 2005;  54 1472-1479
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Kaser S, Moschen A, Kaser A, Ludwiczek O, Ebenbichler CF, Vogel W, Jaschke W, Patsch JR, Tilg H. Circulating adiponectin reflects severity of liver disease but not insulin sensitivity in liver cirrhosis.  J Intern Med. 2005;  258 274-280
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Bacha F, Saad R, Gungor N, Arslanian SA. Does adiponectin explain the lower insulin sensitivity and hyperinsulinemia of African-American children?.  Pediatr Diabetes. 2005;  6 100-102
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Staiger K, Stefan N, Staiger H, Brendel MD, Brandhorst D, Bretzel RG, Machicao F, Kellerer M, Stumvoll M, Fritsche A, Haring HU. Adiponectin is functionally active in human islets but does not affect insulin secretory function or beta-cell lipoapoptosis.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;  90 6707-6713
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man.  Diabetologia. 1985;  28 412-419
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 20 Cnop M, Havel PJ, Utzschneider KM, Carr DB, Sinha MK, Boyko EJ, Retzlaff BM, Knopp RH, Brunzell JD, Kahn SE. Relationship of adiponectin to body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and plasma lipoproteins: evidence for independent roles of age and sex.  Diabetologia. 2003;  46 459-469
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Stefan N, Bunt JC, Salbe AD, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Tataranni PA. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in children: relationships with obesity and insulinemia.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;  87 4652-4656
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Kobayashi J, Kusunoki M, Murase Y, Kawashiri M, Higashikata T, Miwa K, Katsuda S, Takata M, Asano A, Nohara A, Inazu A, Mabuchi H. Relationship of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triacylglycerol lipase activity to serum adiponectin levels in Japanese hyperlipidemic men.  Horm Metab Res. 2005;  37 505-509
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Thamer C, Haap M, Heller E, Joel L, Braun S, Tschritter O, Haring H, Fritsche A. Beta cell function, insulin resistance and plasma adiponectin concentrations are predictors for the change of postprandial glucose in non-diabetic subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes.  Horm Metab Res. 2006;  38 178-182
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Abbasi F, Lamendola C, McLaughlin T, Hayden J, Reaven GM, Reaven PD. Plasma adiponectin concentrations do not increase in association with moderate weight loss in insulin-resistant, obese women.  Metabolism. 2004;  53 280-283
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Hung YJ, Chen YC, Pei D, Kuo SW, Hsieh CH, Wu LY, He CT, Lee CH, Fan SC, Sheu WH. Sibutramine improves insulin sensitivity without alteration of serum adiponectin in obese subjects with Type 2 diabetes.  Diabet Med. 2005;  22 1024-1030
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S, Thompson C, Sattar N. Plasma adiponectin levels are associated with insulin resistance, but do not predict future risk of coronary heart disease in women.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;  90 5677-5683
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 27 Kajantie E, Kaaja R, Ylikorkala O, Andersson S, Laivuori H. Adiponectin concentrations in maternal serum: elevated in preeclampsia but unrelated to insulin sensitivity.  J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2005;  12 433-439
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Iniguez G, Soto N, Avila A, Salazar T, Ong K, Dunger D, Mericq V. Adiponectin levels in the first two years of life in a prospective cohort: relations with weight gain, leptin levels and insulin sensitivity.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;  89 5500-5503
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 29 Bruce CR, Mertz VA, Heigenhauser GJ, Dyck DJ. The stimulatory effect of globular adiponectin on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and Fatty Acid oxidation is impaired in skeletal muscle from obese subjects.  Diabetes. 2005;  54 3154-3160
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 30 Zhou H, Song X, Briggs M, Violand B, Salsgiver W, Gulve EA, Luo Y. Adiponectin represses gluconeogenesis independent of insulin in hepatocytes.  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;  338 793-799
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 31 Hoffstedt J, Arvidsson E, Sjolin E, Wahlen K, Arner P. Adipose tissue adiponectin production and adiponectin serum concentration in human obesity and insulin resistance.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;  89 1391-1396
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar

Correspondence

M. Owecki

Department of Endocrinology

Metabolism and Internal Medicine

ul. Przybyszewskiego 49

60-355 Poznań

Poland

Phone: +4861869 13 30

Fax: +4861869 1682

Email: mowecki@amp.edu.pl