Zusammenfassung
Studienziel: Die Arthrose ist gekennzeichnet durch eine zunehmende Zerstörung des Gelenkknorpels
mit einem Überwiegen des katabolen Stoffwechsels. Die Prävalenz der Arthrose in einzelnen
Gelenken ist jedoch sehr unterschiedlich, erzielt für das Hüft- und Kniegelenk jedoch
sehr ähnliche Werte. Ob sich dieses Bild auch auf Zell- und molekularer Ebene bestätigen
ließ, war Ziel unserer Untersuchungen. Hierzu wurde die vergleichende Analyse von
Chondrozyten makroskopisch intakter Areale aus arthrotisch veränderten Knie- und Hüftgelenken
hinsichtlich ihrer Expression von entzündungs-assoziierten Genen, wie IL-1β, IL-1β-Rezeptorantagonist,
iNOS und Komponenten der Knorpelmatrix (Kollagen I, II, und VI) sowie Vimentin durchgeführt.
Methode: Verschiedene Zytokine und Proteine konnten durch immunhistochemische Untersuchungen
sowie quantitative RT-PCR-Analysen in den Knorpelzellen aus OP-Präparaten arthrotisch
veränderter Knie- und Hüftgelenke nachgewiesen werden. Ergebnisse: Knorpelzellen aus Knie- und Hüftgelenken mit arthrotischen Veränderungen exprimieren
die Kollagene I, II und VI, IL-1β, IL-1β-RA, iNOS und Vimentin mit Erhöhung der Expression
von Kollagen I gegenüber II bei zunehmender Kulturdauer. Ein signifikanter Expressionsunterschied
zwischen Chondrozyten aus arthrotisch veränderten Hüft- und Kniegelenken wurde ex
vivo oder in Primärkultur nicht gefunden. Die IL-1β-Expression ist in beiden Gelenken
massiv erhöht. Im Vergleich stieg sie signifikant in Chondrozyten aus dem Hüftgelenk
gegenüber Zellen aus dem Kniegelenk nur in der ersten Passage an. Schlussfolgerung: Es besteht eine große Ähnlichkeit zwischen arthrotisch verändertem Knorpel aus Hüft-
und Kniegelenk. Die geringen Unterschiede in der Expression der Kollagene und Entzündungsmediatoren
zeigen eine physiologische Ähnlichkeit dieser Chondrozyten, die mit einer erhöhten
Anfälligkeit, eine Arthrose zu entwickeln, assoziiert sein könnte. Weitere vergleichende
Studien mit Zellen des Sprunggelenkes sollen diese Hypothese überprüfen.
Abstract
Aim: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an irreversible destruction of articular
cartilage. This is associated with a multiplicity of factors, causing an increased
catabolic metabolism in cartilage. However, the prevalence of the OA is very variable
in different joints. Therefore, we conducted a comparative analysis of chondrocytes derived from knee and hip joints
with respect to their expression of inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, IL-1β-receptorantagonist,
iNOS, components of cartilage matrix (collagen I, II, and VI) as well as vimentin.
Methods: Different cytokines and proteins were detected by immune-histochemical staining of
cartilage samples ex vivo. Further, chondrocytes were isolated from OA knee and hip
joints, expanded in vitro and gene expression patterns were investigated by quantitative
RT-PCR. Results: Chondrocytes from knee and hip joints of OA patients express collagenes I, II and
VI, IL-1β and IL-1β-RA, iNOS as well as Vimentin. A significant difference in gene
expression patterns was not found in chondrocytes from the hip joints versus the knee
joint ex vivo or in primary culture cells in vitro. However, in vitro the expression
of type I collagen exceeded the expression of type II collagen. The IL-1β-expression
was high ex vivo, remained low during primary culture but was significantly elevated
after primary culture in hip chondrocytes. Conclusion: Osteoarthritic gene expression patterns in cells derived from hip or knee joints
ex vivo and in primary culture were not significantly different. We conclude that
the rather frequent occurrence of OA in these joints in comparison to the ankle joint
may be associated with a close physiological relation of cells in these joints. However,
future studies which will include ankle cartilage must be investigated in further
detail.
Schlüsselwörter
Arthrose - Gelenkknorpel - Kniegelenk - Hüftgelenk - IL-1β - Kollagen
Key words
osteoarthritis - articular cartilage - hip - knee - IL-1β - collagen
Literatur
1
Sun Y, Sturmer T, Gunther K P, Brenner H.
[Incidence and prevalence of cox- and gonarthrosis in the general population].
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb.
1997;
135
184-192
2
Danielsson L, Lindberg H.
Prevalence of coxarthrosis in an urban population during four decades.
Clin Orthop Relat Res.
1997;
342
106-110
3
De F L, Gulli S, Caliri A, Romano C, Munao F, Trimarchi G, La T D, Fichera C, Pappalardo A,
Triolo G, Gallo M, Valentini G, Bagnato G.
[Epidemiology and risk factors in osteoarthritis: literature review data from “OASIS”
study].
Reumatismo.
2004;
56
169-184
4
Eger W, Schumacher B L, Mollenhauer J, Kuettner K E, Cole A A.
Human knee and ankle cartilage explants: catabolic differences.
J Orthop Res.
2002;
20
526-534
5
Dingle J T, Horner A, Shield M.
The sensitivity of synthesis of human cartilage matrix to inhibition by IL-1 suggests
a mechanism for the development of osteoarthritis.
Cell Biochem Funct.
1991;
9
99-102
6
Smith J B, Bocchieri M H, Sherbin-Allen L, Borofsky M, Abruzzo J L.
Occurrence of interleukin-1 in human synovial fluid: detection by RIA, bioassay and
presence of bioassay-inhibiting factors.
Rheumatol Int.
1989;
9
53-58
7
Vuolteenaho K, Moilanen T, Hamalainen M, Moilanen E.
Regulation of nitric oxide production in osteoarthritic and rheumatoid cartilage.
Role of endogenous IL-1 inhibitors.
Scand J Rheumatol.
2003;
32
19-24
8
Kobayashi M, Squires G R, Mousa A, Tanzer M, Zukor D J, Antoniou J, Feige U, Poole A R.
Role of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in matrix degradation of human
osteoarthritic cartilage.
Arthritis Rheum.
2005;
52
128-135
9
Stremme S, Duerr S, Bau B, Schmid E, Aigner T.
MMP-8 is only a minor gene product of human adult articular chondrocytes of the knee.
Clin Exp Rheumatol.
2003;
21
205-209
10
Capin-Gutierrez N, Talamas-Rohana P, Gonzalez-Robles A, Lavalle-Montalvo C, Kouri J B.
Cytoskeleton disruption in chondrocytes from a rat osteoarthrosic (OA) -induced model:
its potential role in OA pathogenesis.
Histol Histopathol.
2004;
19
1125-1132
11
Gouttenoire J, Valcourt U, Ronziere M C, Aubert-Foucher E, Mallein-Gerin F, Herbage D.
Modulation of collagen synthesis in normal and osteoarthritic cartilage.
Biorheology.
2004;
41
535-542
12
Grunder T, Gaissmaier C, Fritz J, Stoop R, Hortschansky P, Mollenhauer J, Aicher W K.
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 enhances the expression of type II collagen and
aggrecan in chondrocytes embedded in alginate beads.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage.
2004;
12
559-567
13
Gruber J, Vincent T L, Hermansson M, Bolton M, Wait R, Saklatvala J.
Induction of interleukin-1 in articular cartilage by explantation and cutting.
Arthritis Rheum.
2004;
50
2539-2546
14
Fan Z, Bau B, Yang H, Soeder S, Aigner T.
Freshly isolated osteoarthritic chondrocytes are catabolically more active than normal
chondrocytes, but less responsive to catabolic stimulation with interleukin-1 beta.
Arthritis Rheum.
2005;
52
136-143
15
Binette F, McQuaid D P, Haudenschild D R, Yaeger P C, McPherson J M, Tubo R.
Expression of a stable articular cartilage phenotype without evidence of hypertrophy
by adult human articular chondrocytes in vitro.
J Orthop Res.
1998;
16
207-216
16
Miosge N, Hartmann M, Maelicke C, Herken R.
Expression of collagen type I and type II in consecutive stages of human osteoarthritis.
Histochem Cell Biol.
2004;
122
229-236
17
Marlovits S, Hombauer M, Truppe M, Vecsei V, Schlegel W.
Changes in the ratio of type-I and type-II collagen expression during monolayer culture
of human chondrocytes.
J Bone Joint Surg [Br].
2004;
86
286-295
18
Pullig O, Weseloh G, Swoboda B.
Expression of type VI collagen in normal and osteoarthritic human cartilage.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage.
1999;
7
191-202
19
Aigner T, Zien A, Gehrsitz A, Gebhard P M, McKenna L.
Anabolic and catabolic gene expression pattern analysis in normal versus osteoarthritic
cartilage using complementary DNA-array technology.
Arthritis Rheum.
2001;
44
2777-2789
20
Tetlow L C, Adlam D J, Woolley D E.
Matrix metalloproteinase and proinflammatory cytokine production by chondrocytes of
human osteoarthritic cartilage: associations with degenerative changes.
Arthritis Rheum.
2001;
44
585-594
21
Wang J, Verdonk P, Elewaut D, Veys E M, Verbruggen G.
Homeostasis of the extracellular matrix of normal and osteoarthritic human articular
cartilage chondrocytes in vitro.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage.
2003;
11
801-809
22
Palmer G, Guerne P A, Mezin F, Maret M, Guicheux J, Goldring M B, Gabay C.
Production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist by human articular chondrocytes.
Arthritis Res.
2002;
4
226-231
Dr. med. M. Hoberg
Klinik für Orthopädie · Universitätsklinikum Tübingen
Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3
72076 Tübingen
Phone: 0 70 71/2 98 66 85
Fax: 0 70 71/29 50 41
Email: Maik.Hoberg@med.uni-tuebingen.de