Anästhesie in der Stillzeit

Zusammenfassung.

Obwohl in den letzten Jahren das Wissen über die Exkretion von Medikamenten in die Muttermilch erheblich zugenommen hat, sind die Informationen über viele anästhesierelevante Medikamente weiterhin lückenhaft. Insbesondere die Kenntnis über mögliche unerwünschte Wirkungen auf den Säugling ist unzureichend. In dieser Arbeit erfolgt nach einer Beschreibung der pharmakokinetischen Prinzipien des Medikamentenübertritts in die Muttermilch eine detaillierte Darstellung des derzeitigen Wissenstandes für perioperativ gebräuchliche Medikamente. Eine Narkose ist kein obligater Grund abzustillen. Denn es ist möglich, eine Anästhesie bei einer stillenden Mutter durchzuführen, ohne auf die Vorzüge der Muttermilchernährung verzichten zu müssen. Bei sorgfältiger Auswahl der Medikamente müssen auch elektive chirurgische Eingriffe nicht verschoben werden, und das Stillen kann in der unmittelbaren postoperativen Periode wiederaufgenommen werden.

Anaesthesia During Breast Feeding - Which Restrictions are Justified.

In the Iast years knowledge of the excretion of drugs into breast milk has increased significantly. But information concerning anesthetic and analgesic drugs seems to be dispersed and limited. This paper describes the pharmacokinetic principles of drug transfer to milk and offers a comprehensive survey for drugs used in the perianesthetic period. The necessity of anesthesia should never be a sufficient reason to quit breast-feeding. With the information given in this article the individual duration of breast-milk-free interval can be discussed. Thus it will be possible to anesthetize a breast-feeding mother with minimal risks for the child without giving up the advantages of mother milk. Through careful selection of appropriate drugs even elective operations don't need to be postponed and breastfeeding can be continued as soon as in the immediate postoperative period.

Schlüsselwörter:

Anästhesie - Narkose - Muttermilch - Stillen - Kolostrum - Säugling - Laktation

Key words:

Anesthesia - Breast-feeding - Breast milk - Colostrum - Infant - Lactation

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