Corpectomy and Spinal Stabilization via Pedicle Screws and Bar System through Dorsolateral Thoracotomy for Treating Severe Spinal Malformations in Dogs: Pilot Study

Introduction: The rising popularity of brachycephalic dog breeds has led to increased cases of congenital spinal malformations with neurologic deficits. These deformities often progress rapidly, causing vertebral canal stenosis and spinal instability that can damage the spinal cord. Although corrective surgery is well established for lumbar deformities, thoracic malformations present unique challenges due to anatomical constraints of the thoracic spine. Previous techniques, including positive profile threaded pins, PMMA, and custom devices, have been reported; however, correction via dorsolateral thoracotomy with vertebral pedicle screws and a bar system stabilization has not been reported in dogs.

Materials and Methods: Two dogs with severe thoracic vertebral malformations (T4–T8, T5–T8) underwent corpectomy and stabilization. Preoperative assessments included MRI and high-resolution CT for surgical planning, with Cobb angles recorded. The procedure involved dorsal thoracotomy, pedicle screw placement, and stabilization with an 80 mm bar. Postoperative imaging and neurologic assessments were performed for 6 to 9 months after surgery.

Results: Both patients had uneventful recoveries. Cobb angles improved from 58.8 to 89.7 degrees (55.5%) and from 93.15 to 117.9 degrees (26.6%), respectively. Patient 1 regained full ambulation within 3 months, while Patient 2 showed mild motor improvement but remained nonambulatory.

Discussion/Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of this approach for thoracic spinal malformations in dogs, with Cobb angle improvement potentially correlating with functional outcomes. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.

Acknowledgment

None.

 

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Publication History

Article published online:
15 July 2025