MALIGNANT COLON NEOPLASIA IN THE LEGAL AMAZON: A 10-YEAR PROFILE

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant cause of global morbidity, associated with risk factors such as advanced age, low socioeconomic status, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and an unbalanced diet.

Objectives To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations for malignant colon neoplasms from 2013 to 2023 in the states of the Legal Amazon region.

Materials and Methods A descriptive study was conducted using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), obtained through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The study analyzed hospitalizations and deaths due to malignant colon neoplasms from 2013 to 2023 in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins. The variables observed included age groups (under 1 year to 80 years or older), as well as male and female genders and race/ethnicity.

Results Over 10 years, there were a total of 23,970 hospitalizations for malignant colon neoplasms, representing an increase of approximately 58.3%. The number of hospitalizations ranged from 1,811 cases in 2013 to 2,867 in 2023, with the lowest number recorded in 2015 (1,713 cases) and the highest in 2023 (2,867 cases). The state with the highest number of hospitalizations was Mato Grosso (9,048 cases), while Acre had the lowest (322 cases). During the same period, there were 2,014 deaths related to malignant colon neoplasms, ranging from 150 in 2013 to 268 in 2023. Mato Grosso had the highest incidence of deaths (510), while Amapá had the lowest (30). The female population accounted for 11,891 hospitalizations, while the male population accounted for 12,079, representing approximately 50.3% of total hospitalizations. The most affected age group was 50 to 59 years (6,025 cases), and the least affected was under 1 year (36 cases). Regarding race/ethnicity, the mixed-race population had the highest number of cases (15,594), followed by the Indigenous population, with only 28 cases.

Conclusion The increase in hospitalizations may reflect better case reporting and access to healthcare services. The predominance of the mixed-race population can be explained by its demographic representation in the studied regions. The most affected age group is related to prolonged exposure to risk factors and the aging process. Despite the rising incidence among women, cases are more prevalent in men, possibly due to anatomical, hormonal, and behavioral differences.

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Artikel online veröffentlicht:
25. April 2025