Epidemiological comparison of mortality and risk factors between follicular Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and diffuse Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Keywords

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - mortality - regional disparities

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprises a diverse group of malignancies originating from B or T lymphocytes in several subtypes, such as follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although understanding the epidemiological profile is crucial for the development of effective public health strategies, it remains insufficiently clear.

Aim: To analyze mortality rates between follicular lymphoma and DLBCL in Brazil and identify the most vulnerable groups, focusing on differences by gender, age, and geographic location, providing data to support more effective and targeted public health policies.

Methods: This descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study examined the epidemiology of follicular and diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Brazil from 2012 to 2022. Data were sourced from the National Cancer Institute (INCA) database, with variables including gender, age group, and geographic region. The study was conducted in accordance with the STROBE Statement guidelines.

Results: According to the INCA database, 171,050 cases of NHL were diagnosed between 2012 and 2022, with 69,583 of these cases occurring in women. The crude mortality rate for DLBCL was 0.38 per 100,000 inhabitants, compared to 0.08 per 100,000 for follicular lymphoma. Men exhibited higher mortality rates for both subtypes, with a significant increase among those over 70 years old. Mortality from DLBCL was particularly high in individuals over 80, reaching 2.94 per 100,000 inhabitants. The Southeast region of Brazil reported the highest number of deaths for both follicular lymphoma and DLBCL. These findings underscore the greater lethality of DLBCL, consistent with its more aggressive nature. Men and the elderly, particularly those over 70, are the most vulnerable to DLBCL. Regional disparities in mortality rates suggest that access to healthcare services and socioeconomic conditions play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of these lymphomas. These differences highlight the need for targeted strategies that address local healthcare challenges.

Conclusion: These findings highlight DLBCL's significantly higher lethality. Men and the elderly, especially those over 70, are the most vulnerable to DLBCL. The observed regional disparities in mortality rates suggest that access to healthcare and socioeconomic conditions play critical roles in diagnosing and treating these lymphomas, underscoring the need for a more tailored approach to address local challenges.

Corresponding author: Giulia Di Credico Paranhos (e-mail: [e-mail]).

 

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No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).

Publication History

Article published online:
06 May 2025