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CC BY 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82(S 01): S1-S52
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1789420
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Retinal evaluation with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in eyes with previous optic neuritis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders or anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease

Authors

  • Clarissa dos Reis Pereira

    1   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

  • Thais de Souza Andrade Benassi

    1   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

  • Luiz Guilherme Marchesi Mello

    2   Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória ES, Brazil.

  • Thiago Gomes Filgueiras

    1   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

  • Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro Gomes

    3   University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

  • Laila Kulsvehagen

    3   University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

  • Anne-Katrin Proebstel

    3   University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

  • Samira Luisa Apóstolos-Pereira

    4   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

  • Dagoberto Callegaro

    5   Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.

  • Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro

    1   Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
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    Address for correspondence: Clarissa dos Reis Pereira (email: clarissa_rp@yahoo.com.br).

    Abstract

    Objective: To compare the thickness of retinal layers using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with previous optic neuritis (ON) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) who have positive anti-aquaporine4 antibody (AQP4) or anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), or who are negative for both IgG antibodies.

    Methods: We included 49 patients who were divided into 3 groups: ON-AQP4 (n = 21), ON-MOGAD (n = 19), and ON double-IgG seronegative (ON-DSN; n = 9). The control group was composed of 19 patients. The patients were submitted to a complete ophthalmic evaluation, including 24-2 standard automated perimetry and SD-OCT with acquisition of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macula full-thickness (mFT), and the following segmented retinal layers: macular-RNFL (mRNFL), ganglion cells (GCLs), inner plexiform (IPL), inner nuclear (INL), outer plexiform (OPL), outer nuclear (ONL), and photoreceptors (PhL). The mean thickness was obtained for each layer, and the visual field mean sensitivity (VFMS) was also calculated. Data were compared using GEE models, and values of p < 0.001 were considered statistically significant.

    Results: The difference previously observed that the OPL was thinner in the eyes of ON-AQP4 patients than in the eyes of ON-MOGAD patients was not confirmed, with strong statistical significance (p = 0.04). Yet, the inner retina until the INL was thinner than that of the controls in all three ON groups, but the measurements were similar among the affected groups. The pRNFL was thinner than that of the controls only among the eyes of the ON-AQP4 and in the ON-MOGAD groups, but also equivalent between these two ON groups. The VFMS of the ON-AQP4 patients was significantly lower compared with that of the other two affected groups (p < 0.001). All three groups had reduced VFMS compared to that of the controls (p < 0.001).

    Conclusion: The visual function of the ON-AQP4 group was more severely compromised than that of the other ON groups, but the structural OCT retinal measurements were similar among the affected groups. Hence, we still need to unravel the evidence of structural-functional dissociation in these cases.


     

    No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).

    Publication History

    Article published online:
    02 October 2024

    © 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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