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J Pediatr Genet 2024; 13(04): 272-276
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774292
Original Article

Maternal Blood Group Is a Possible Predictor for Developing Congenital Heart Disease in Turkish Children with Down's Syndrome

Yasar Kandur
1   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
,
Derya Beyza Sayın Kocakap
2   Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
,
Aysegul Alpcan
1   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
,
Cihat Sanlı
3   Department of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
,
Cemile Dayangan Sayan
4   Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Women's Health, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
,
Ömer Lütfi Koyuncu
1   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
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Funding None.
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Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors for the anomalies of Down's syndrome (DS) patients and reviewed the relation of blood groups of the patients and the mothers with these anomalies. Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with trisomy 21 between 2010 and 2022 were enrolled in this study. The medical records of the DS patients and their parents were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 48 patients applied to our clinic. 24 (50%) patients were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. 21 (43.75%) patients had hypothyroidism. The distribution of individual congenital heart defects (CHDs) was as follows: ventricular septal defect in eight (33.3%) patients, one of which also had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); atrioventricular septal defects in seven (29.1%) patients; atrial septal defects in four (16.6%) patients, one of which also had patent ducus arteriosus; and PDA in five (20.8%) patients. One (4.2%) patient had tetralogy of Fallot. The incidence of CHD in patients with maternal blood group A was significantly higher than those without CHD, with a prevalence of 63.6 and 21.1%, respectively (p = 0.020). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that maternal blood group A was a risk factor for CHDs (odds ratio = 6.563; 95% confidence interval: 1.259–34.204; p = 0.025). Although we found that the rate of advanced father age was high in hypothyroidism type, the regression analysis showed that it was not a risk factor. We found that maternal blood group A increased the likelihood of being born with CHDs in DS.

Keywords

Down's syndrome - congenital heart defects - hypothyroidism - maternal blood group A

Ethical Statement

The ethics committee approval of the study was obtained from the Kirikkale University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (date: October 19, 2022/Decision no:2022.10.05).


Authors' Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by all authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Y.K., and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.




Publication History

Received: 03 January 2023

Accepted: 07 August 2023

Article published online:
06 September 2023

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