Krebstherapie mit Kurkuma

Zusammenfassung

Das indische Gewürz Kurkuma ist seit Jahrhunderten auch ein Heilmittel der traditionellen indischen Medizin. Der gelbe Farbstoff in Kurkuma besitzt viele experimentell nachgewiesene Wirkungen. Die Mischung von Kurkuma mit anderen Gewürzen im Curry steigert die Resorption des Wirkstoffs Curcumin. Um die Bioverfügbarkeit zu erhöhen, wird weltweit an neuen galenischen Zubereitungen geforscht. Die WHO empfiehlt als Tagesdosis zur Behandlung von Verdauungsbeschwerden 3 g der Wurzel oder entsprechende Zubereitungen. Zwei Extrakte besitzen das EMA-Prädikat „traditional use“ bei Dyspepsie und Gallendyskinesien. Von der europäischen Behörde wurde die Maximaldosierung auf bis zu 2 mg Curcumin/kg Körpergewicht limitiert, zusätzlich zu dem Milligramm, das mit der Nahrung zugeführt wird. Experimentelle, humanpharmakologische und klinische Untersuchungen lassen den Einsatz von Curcumin beim Reizdarmsyndrom, bei Gallenblasendysfunktion, entzündlichen Erkrankungen usw. sinnvoll erscheinen. In dieser Übersicht sind die Studien bei verschiedenen Krebserkrankungen zusammengefasst. Die Evidenz der Wirksamkeit ist aufgrund der schlechten Qualität der Studien für alle Indikationen inklusive Krebserkrankungen mäßig bis schlecht. Aufgrund der Plausibilität der Wirkungen und der guten Verträglichkeit sollte das Potenzial von Zubereitungen aus Kurkuma dennoch adjuvant genutzt werden.

Abstract

For many centuries the spice curcuma is also a popular remedy in the traditional Indian medicine. The yellow dye protects against civilization diseases. Curry is a mixture of curcuma and other spices which increase the absorption of the active principle curcumin. In order to increase the curcumin bioavailability, world-wide research is focusing on new galenical preparations. For the treatment of gastrointestinal complaints, the WHO recommends 3 g of the root per day or preparations thereof accordingly. Two extracts fulfil the EMA requirement „traditional use“ for dyspepsia and gallbladder dyskinesia. The European Food Safety Authority has limited the maximum daily intake of curcumin to 2 mg per kg body weight over that consumed with food. Experimental (in vitro, in vivo), human pharmacological and clinical investigations support the use of curcumin for relief from irritable bowel syndrome, gallbladder dysfunction and inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes the clinical studies in cancer patients. Due to the poor quality of the studies, the evidence of effectiveness is moderate to poor for all indications including treatment of cancer. Since preparations from curcuma are well tolerated and its effects are plausible, curcuma or products thereof should nevertheless be used as adjuvant therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Kurkuma - Curcumin Wirkungen - Indikationen - Krebsbehandlung

Key words

curcuma - curcumin - effects - indications - cancer treatment

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