Herzglykoside und ihr Potenzial für die Tumortherapie

Zusammenfassung

Herzglykoside sind eine Gruppe von Naturstoffen, welche ein Steroidgerüst mit einem angefügten ungesättigten Lactonring besitzen und aufgrund einer Inhibierung der Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase kräftigend auf den Herzmuskel einwirken. Über lange Jahre hinweg wurden Herzglykoside zur Therapie von Herzinsuffizienz und Behandlung von Herzrhythmusstörungen eingesetzt. Neuere Studien bescheinigen dieser Substanzklasse allerdings auch ein hohes Potenzial für die Krebstherapie. Herzglykoside inhibieren das Tumorzellwachstum in nanomolaren Konzentrationen. Die molekularen Mechanismen, die hinter der antitumoralen Aktivität stehen, werden gegenwärtig noch untersucht. Dieser Übersichtsartikel befasst sich mit der Geschichte der Herzglykoside, der molekularen Basis ihrer klassischen Anwendung (Herzinsuffizienz) und relevanten Befunden und klinischen Studien, die eine zukünftige Anwendung bestimmter Herzglykoside in der Tumortherapie aussichtsreich erscheinen lassen.

Abstract

Cardiac glycosides are a group of natural products that share a steroid-like structure with an unsaturated lactone ring. They induce cardiontonic effects by inhibiting Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase. Cardiac glycosides have been used traditionally in the treatment of congestive heart failure. More recent studies suggested that cardiac glycosides may also be useful in cancer therapy as they inhibit cell proliferation and cancer cell growth at nanomolar concentrations. The underlying molecular mechanisms are still under investigation. This short review summarizes the history of cardiac glycosides, the molecular basis of the classical use (cardiac insufficiency) as well as relevant facts and clinical studies concerning their potential as anti-tumor agents.

Schlüsselwörter

Herzglykoside - Antitumor-Wirkung - Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase - Digoxin - Digitoxin

Key words

cardiac glycosides - anticancer effects - Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase - digoxin - digitoxin

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