Eine neue deutschsprachige Skala zur Erfassung von elterlichem Stress nach Frühgeburtlichkeit (PSS:NICU_German/2-scales)

Zusammenfassung

Theoretischer Hintergrund Die Frühgeburt eines Kindes führt bei Eltern zu erhöhtem Stress, Angst und Sorge. Dies kann langfristige Auswirkungen auf die psychische Gesundheit der Mutter haben und potentiell auch die Entwicklung des Kindes beeinflussen.

Fragestellung Der englischsprachige Fragebogen Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit [1] erhebt elterlichen Stress nach Frühgeburtlichkeit in 3 Subskalen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, eine ins Deutsche übersetzte Fassung des PSS:NICU Fragebogens hinsichtlich ihrer psychometrischen Gütekriterien und Dimensionalität zu überprüfen, um eine reliable deutsche Version zu entwickeln.

Methode Zur Entwicklung (exploratorische Faktorenanalyse) diente eine Stichprobe von 50 Elternpaaren von Frühgeborenen.

Ergebnisse Die Subskala Bilder und Geräusche wurde aufgrund der niedrigen Itemanzahl aus der deutschen Version des PSS:NICU entfernt. Ein PSS:NICU_German/2-scales Fragebogen wurde entwickelt. Dieser besteht nun aus den Subskalen Aussehen und Verhalten des Kindes (7 Items, Cronbachs α=0,82) und Elterliche Rolle (6 Items, Cronbachs α=0,87).

Schlussfolgerung Der PSS:NICU_German/2-scales Fragebogen stellt ein ökonomisches und reliables Instrument zur Erfassung von elterlichem Stress nach Frühgeburtlichkeit dar.

Abstract

Background Preterm birth is known to be a stressful and anxious situation for parents, which might have long-term impact on the psychological health of mothers and even on the development of their preterm infants.

Objective The Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS:NICU) was developed to assess parental stress after preterm birth through three subscales [1]. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties and the dimensionality of the German version of the PSS:NICU to develop a reliable German version of the PSS:NICU.

Methods For the development (exploratory factor analysis) 100 parents of preterm infants answered the questionnaire.

Results The Sights and Sounds subscale was removed from the German version of the PSS:NICU due to low number of items. A PSS:NICU_German/2-scales was developed consisting of 2 subscales: Infant Behavior and Appearance (7 Items, Cronbach’s α=0,82) and Parental Role Alteration (6 Items, Cronbach’s α=0,87).

Conclusions The PSS:NICU_German/2-scales is a reliable and economic scale for the assessment of parental stress after preterm birth.

Schlüsselwörter

Frühgeburt - Elterlicher Stress - PSS:NICU - PSS:NICU_German/2-scales

Key words

preterm birth - parental stress - PSS:NICU - PSS:NICU_German/2-scales

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