Ultraschall bei Vaskulitiden

Zusammenfassung

Mittels Ultraschall lässt sich eine pathognomonische Gefäßwandschwellung bei Vaskulitiden an Temporalarterien und an extrakraniellen Arterien nachweisen. Die Sonografie ist wichtiger Bestandteil in der Diagnostik der Arteriitis temporalis, der Riesenzellarteriitis großer Gefäße und der Takayasu Arteriitis geworden. Durch „Fast Track Clinics“ in denen gleichzeitig fachärztliche klinische Untersuchung und Sonografie mindestens von Temporal- und Axillararterien angeboten wird, kann die Inzidenz von Erblindungen reduziert werden.

Abstract

Ultrasound demonstrates pathognomonic swelling of the walls of temporal and extracranial arteries in cases of vasculitis. It has been established as an important diagnostic procedure in temporal arteritis, large-vessel giant cell arteritis and Takayasuʼs arteritis. The introduction of fast-track clinics, which simultaneously offer specialist clinical examinations and ultrasound of at least the temporal and axillary arteries, prevents the incidence of sight-loss.

Schlüsselwörter

Arteriitis temporalis - Riesenzellarteriitis - Polymyalgia rheumatica - Takayasu Arteriitis - Sonografie

Key words

temporal arteritis - giant cell arteritis - polymyalgia rheumatica - Takayasu arteritis - ultrasound

• Literatur

• 1 Schmidt WA. Ultrasound in vasculitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2014; 32 (Suppl. 80) S71-S77
• 2 Schmidt WA. Role of ultrasound in the understanding and management of vasculitis. Ther Adv Rheum Dis 2014; 6: 39-47
• 3 Dietz SM, Tacke CE, Kuipers IM. et al. Cardiovascular imaging in children and adults following Kawasaki disease. Insights Imaging 2015; 6: 697-705
• 4 Forbess L, Bannykh S. Polyarteritis nodosa. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2015; 41: 33-46
• 5 Luqmani R, Lee E, Singh S. et al. Inter-Rater analysis of ultrasound and histological findings in patients with suspected giant cell arteritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67 Suppl10 S2336-S2337
• 6 Luqmani R, Lee E, Singh S. et al. The role of ultrasound compared to biopsy of temporal arteries in the diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis: A diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67 Suppl10 S2592-S2594
• 7 De Miguel E, Castillo C, Rodríguez A. et al. Learning and reliability of colour Doppler ultrasound in giant cell arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2008; 27 (Suppl. 52) S53-S58
• 8 Bruyn GA, Schmidt WA. Introductory guide to musculoskeletal ultrasound for the rheumatologist. Houten, NL: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum; 2011
• 9 Aschwanden M, Daikeler T, Kesten F. et al. Temporal artery compression sign – a novel ultrasound finding for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis. Ultraschall Med 2013; 34: 47-50
• 10 Schmidt WA, Kraft HE, Vorpahl K. et al. Color duplex ultrasonography in the diagnosis of temporal arteritis. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1336-1342
• 11 Schmidt WA, Seifert A, Gromnica-Ihle E. et al. Ultrasound of proximal upper extremity arteries to increase the diagnostic yield in large-vessel giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47: 96-101
• 12 Schmidt WA, Moll A, Seifert A. et al. Prognosis of large-vessel giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47: 1406-1408
• 13 Kermani TA, Warrington KJ, Crowson CS. et al. Large-vessel involvement in giant cell arteritis: a population-based cohort study of the incidence-trends and prognosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 72: 1989-1994
• 14 Muratore F, Kermani TA, Crowson CS. et al. Large-vessel giant cell arteritis: a cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 54: 463-470
• 15 Czihal M, Piller A, Schroettle A. et al. Impact of cranial and axillary/subclavian artery involvement by color duplex sonography on response to treatment in giant cell arteritis. J Vasc Surg 2015; 61: 1285-1291
• 16 Pfadenhauer K, Esser M, Berger K. Vertebrobasilar ischemia and structural abnormalities of the vertebral arteries in active temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica – an ultrasonographic case-control study. J Rheumatol 2005; 32: 2356-2360
• 17 Diamantopoulos AP, Haugeberg G, Hetland H. et al. Diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography of temporal arteries and large vessels in giant cell arteritis: a consecutive case series. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2014; 66: 113-119
• 18 Czihal M, Tatò F, Rademacher A. et al. Involvement of the femoropopliteal arteries in giant cell arteritis: clinical and color duplex sonography. J Rheumatol 2012; 39: 314-321
• 19 Dasgupta B, Cimmino MA, Maradit-Kremers H. et al. 2012; provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: A European League Against Rheumatism / American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71: 484-492
• 20 Macchioni P, Boiardi L, Catanoso M. et al. Performance of the new 2012 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: comparison with the previous criteria in a single-centre study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73: 1190-1193
• 21 Schmidt WA. Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) und Riesenzellarteriitis (Arteriitis temporalis). In: Jung N, Mayet WJ, Mertens PR, Meyer J, Müller OA, Pfeifer M, Schellinger P, Weiss N, Wendtner CM. (Hrsg.) Rationelle Diagnostik und Therapie in der Inneren Medizin, 42. Lieferung, München: Elsevier; 2015. Beitrag I.5.2
• 22 Schmidt WA, Gromnica-Ihle E. Incidence of temporal arteritis in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica: a prospective study using colour Doppler sonography of the temporal arteries. Rheumatology 2002; 41: 46-52
• 23 Schmidt WA. Bildgebung bei Polymyalgia rheumatica. Akt Rheumatol 2014; 39: 232-237
• 24 Grayson PC, Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Clark TM. et al. Distribution of arterial lesions in Takayasu's arteritis and giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71: 1329-1334
• 25 Bley TA, Reinhard M, Hauenstein C. et al. Comparison of duplex sonography and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of giant cell (temporal) arteritis. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58: 2574-2578
• 26 Blockmans D, Bley T, Schmidt W. Imaging for large-vessel vasculitis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2009; 21: 19-28
• 27 Schmidt WA. Imaging in vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2013; 27: 107-118
• 28 Patil P, Williams M, Maw WW. et al. Fast track pathway reduces sight loss in giant cell arteritis: results of a longitudinal observational cohort study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33 (Suppl. 89) S103-S106
• 29 Diamantopoulos AP, Haugeberg G, Lindland A. et al. The fast-track ultrasound clinic for early diagnosis of giant cell arteritis significantly reduces permanent visual impairment: towards a more effective strategy to improve clinical outcome in giant cell arteritis?. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55: 66-70
• 30 Schinkel AF, van den Oord SC, van der Steen AF. et al. Utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the assessment of the carotid artery wall in patients with Takayasu or giant cell arteritis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15: 541-546