Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR 2016; 23(02): 73-78
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-105275
Reisemedizin
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Olympische Spiele 2016 in Rio de Janeiro – Reisemedizinische Erwägungen vor der Massenveranstaltung in Brasilien

Olympic Games 2016 in Rio de Janeiro – travel medicine considerations ahead of the mass gathering in Brazil
Jakob P Cramer
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
18 April 2016 (online)

Gesundheitsrisiken beim Besuch der Olympischen und Paralympischen Spiele in Rio de Janeiro im August beziehungsweise September dieses Jahres ergeben sich aus nicht übertragbaren Gefahren wie aus Infektionskrankheiten. Erstere dürften trotz der aktuellen Nachrichtenlage zu viralen Infektionskrankheiten in Brasilien in Bezug auf Besucher der Spiele deutlich relevanter sein. Dabei ergeben sich charakteristische und spezifische Risiken sowohl vor dem Hintergrund des Besuchs einer Massenveranstaltung als auch aufgrund der Örtlichkeit Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien. Dieser Beitrag benennt gesundheitliche Gefahren für den Besucher und diskutiert präventive Maßnahmen.

Visiting the Olympic and Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro in August and September 2016 is associated with a series of noncommunicable as well as infectious diseases risks. The former is probably by far more relevant in terms of frequency and impact for travelers despite currently circulating news around viral infectious disease transmissions in Brazil. Specific health risks are characteristic for either the setting of a sport mass gathering, the location Rio de Janeiro in Brazil or a combination out of both. This article intends to list potential health risk and to discuss preventive measures for travelers.

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Office for National Statistics. London 2012 Games attract over half a million overseas visitors in July and August. Im Internet: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp29904_282888.pdf
  • 2 World Health Organization. Health planning for large public events. Im Internet: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/emergencies/disaster-preparedness-and-response/news/news/2012/05/health-plan ning-for-large-public-events
  • 3 Memish ZA, Zumla A, McCloskey B et al. Mass gatherings medicine: international cooperation and progress. Lancet 2014; 383: 2030-2032
  • 4 Steffen R, Bouchama A, Johansson A et al. Non-communicable health risks during mass gatherings. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12: 142-149
  • 5 Jentes ES, Davis XM, Macdonald S et al. Health risks and travel preparation among foreign visitors and expatriates during the 2008 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010; 82: 466-472
  • 6 Zanluca C, Melo VC, Mosimann AL et al. First report of autochthonous transmission of Zika virus in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015; 110: 569-572
  • 7 Johansson A, Batty M, Hayashi K et al. Crowd and environmental management during mass gatherings. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12: 150-156
  • 8 Hadjichristodoulou Ch, Goutziana G, Mouchtouri V et al. Evaluation of standardized scored inspections for Legionnaires' disease prevention, during the Athens 2004 Olympics. Epidemiol Infect 2006; 134: 1074-1081
  • 9 Jorm LR, Thackway SV, Churches TR, Hills MW. Watching the Games: public health surveillance for the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games. J Epidemiol Community Health 2003; 57: 102-108
  • 10 Feliciano DV, Anderson Jr GV, Rozycki GS et al. Management of casualties from the bombing at the centennial olympics. Am J Surg 1998; 176: 538-543
  • 11 BBC. Iraq stampede deaths near 1,000. Im Internet: http://www.news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4199618.stm
  • 12 Hsieh YH, Ngai KM, Burkle Jr FM, Hsu EB. Epidemiological characteristics of human stampedes. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2009; 3: 217-223
  • 13 De Lorenzo RA, Gray BC, Bennett PC, Lamparella VJ. Effect of crowd size on patient volume at a large, multipurpose, indoor stadium. J Emerg Med 1989; 7: 379-384
  • 14 Auswärtiges Amt. Reise & Sicherheit. Im Internet: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/DE/Laenderinformatio nen/LaenderReiseinformationen_node.html/
  • 15 Abubakar I, Gautret P, Brunette GW et al. Global perspectives for prevention of infectious diseases associated with mass gatherings. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12: 66-74
  • 16 McCloskey B, Endericks T, Catchpole M et al. London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games: public health surveillance and epidemiology. Lancet 2014; 383: 2083-2089
  • 17 Wilson ME, Chen LH, Han PV et al. Illness in travelers returned from Brazil: the GeoSentinel experience and implications for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58: 1347-1356
  • 18 Davis XM, MacDonald S, Borwein S et al. Health risks in travelers to China: the GeoSentinel experience and implications for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 79: 4-8
  • 19 Sile B, Mohammed H, Crook P et al. Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Visitors for the London 2012 Olympic Games: A Review of Attendees at Sexual Health Services. Sex Transm Dis 2015; 42: 710-716
  • 20 Brockmann S, Piechotowski I, Bock-Hensley O et al. Outbreak of leptospirosis among triathlon participants in Germany, 2006. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10: 91-91
  • 21 Morgan J, Bornstein SL, Karpati AM et al. Outbreak of leptospirosis among triathlon participants and community residents in Springfield, Illinois, 1998. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 1593-1599
  • 22 Petersen E, Wilson ME, Touch S et al. Rapid Spread of Zika Virus in The Americas – Implications for Public Health Preparedness for Mass Gatherings at the 2016 Brazil Olympic Games. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 44: 11-15
  • 23 Tang H, Hammack C, Ogden SC et al. Zika Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth. Cell Stem Cell 2016 Mar 3 [Epub ahead of print]
  • 24 Adibi JJ, Marques Jr ET, Cartus A, Beigi RH. Teratogenic effects of the Zika virus and the role of the placenta. Lancet 2016 Mar 4 [Epub ahead of print]
  • 25 Roggelin L, Cramer JP. Malaria prevention in the pregnant traveller: a review. Travel Med Infect Dis 2014; 12: 229-236
  • 26 Vertretungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Brasilien. Im Internet: http://www.brasil.diplo.de/Vertre tung/brasilien/de/Startseite.html
  • 27 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin und Internationale Gesundheit. Pressemitteilung der DTG zu Gesundheitsrisiken und deren Prophylaxe für WM-Reisende nach Brasilien. Im Internet: http://www.dtg.org/24.html?&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=102&cHash=30723a3d0320f7b9dd9f2175e472ac3f