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Thromb Haemost 2022; 122(06): 895-904
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736617
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis

The Prognostic Performance of Rotational Thromboelastometry for Excessive Bleeding and Increased Transfusion Requirements in Hip Fracture Surgeries

Andreas G. Tsantes  ‡   *
1   Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Dimitrios V. Papadopoulos‡   *
2   Orthopedic Specialists-UPMC, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
,
Ioannis G. Trikoupis
3   First Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Konstantina A. Tsante
1   Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Andreas F. Mavrogenis
3   First Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Panagiotis Koulouvaris
3   First Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Aristeidis G. Vaiopoulos
1   Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Daniele Piovani
4   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
5   IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
,
Georgios K. Nikolopoulos
6   Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
,
Styliani I. Kokoris
1   Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Stefanos Bonovas
4   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
5   IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
,
Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos
3   First Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
,
Argirios E. Tsantes
1   Laboratory of Haematology and Blood Bank Unit, “Attiko” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Abstract

Background Hip fracture surgeries are associated with considerable blood loss, while the perioperative coagulopathy is associated with the bleeding risk of these patients. We aimed to evaluate the ability of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to detect patients at high risk for excessive bleeding and increased transfusion requirements.

Methods We conducted a prospective observational study of 221 patients who underwent hip fracture surgeries. ROTEM analysis was performed preoperatively and immediately postoperatively. Blood loss parameters including blood loss volume, number of transfused red blood cell (RBC) units, and drop in hemoglobin levels were recorded. ROTEM parameters were compared between patients with and without excessive bleeding, and between patients with and without increased transfusion requirements (i.e., ≥2 RBC units).

Results The postoperative FIBTEM MCF value ≤15 mm had 66.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.7–74.1%) sensitivity and 92.0% (95% CI: 80.7–97.7%) specificity to prognose excessive bleeding, and preoperative FIBTEM MCF value ≤15 mm had 80.4% (95% CI: 73.5–86.2%) sensitivity and 91.2% (95% CI: 80.7–97.0%) specificity to prognose increased transfusion requirements. Preoperative FIBTEM MCF ≤11 mm and postoperative FIBTEM MCF ≤15 mm were associated with considerably increased risks of excessive bleeding (odds ratio [OR]: 44.8, 95% CI: 16.5–121.3, p < 0.001; and OR: 23.0, 95% CI: 7.8–67.0, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion ROTEM parameters demonstrated high prognostic accuracy for excessive bleeding and increased transfusion requirements. This can enable implementation of blood sparing strategies in high-risk patients, while blood banks could be better prepared to ensure adequate blood supply.

Keywords

transfusion - bleeding risk - coagulopathy - rotational thromboelastometry - hip fractures

Note

The work has been performed at the “Attikon” University Hospital of Athens.


Author Contributions

A.G.T. and A.E.T. conceptualized the project. A.G.T., D.V.P., I.G.T., A.E.T., and S.B. designed the methodology. K.A.T., A.F.M., P.K., A.G.V., D.P., G.K.N., S.K., and P.J.P. were involved in data collection, analysis, and interpretation. A.G.T. wrote the manuscript.


* Andreas G. Tsantes and Dimitrios V. Papadopoulos have equal contribution.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 10 July 2021

Accepted: 09 September 2021

Article published online:
31 October 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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