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J Pediatr Infect Dis 2021; 16(05): 223-229
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728830
Original Article

Circulating Rotavirus Genotypes among Children Younger than 5 Years with Acute Gastroenteritis in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria

Fatima Jummai Giwa 
1   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Maria Garba
2   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Abdulaziz Mukhtar
1   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Mukhtar Idris
3   Department of Medical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Belinda Lartey
4   Department of Electron Microscopy and Histopathology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
,
Susan Damanka
4   Department of Electron Microscopy and Histopathology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
,
Modupeola Samaila
5   Department of Histopathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Hassan Muktar
6   Department of Haematology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
Adebola Olayinka
1   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
,
George Armah
4   Department of Electron Microscopy and Histopathology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
› Author Affiliations Funding This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) award for MSc. Research through the Support of Training and Mentoring in Nigeria for Academics (STAMINA) project funded by the Fogarty International center (FIC) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under grant number: ID43TW010130-01.
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Abstract

Objective This study aimed to determine the circulating rotavirus genotypes among children 0 to 59 months with acute gastroenteritis in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria.

Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed from November 2015 to April 2017 on 415 stool samples of children 0 to 59 months with acute gastroenteritis presenting at the pediatric clinics in five selected health care facilities in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria. The stool samples were tested for group A rotavirus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the ProSpecT™ Rotavirus Microplate Assay (Thermo Scientific Oxoid, United Kingdom). Rotavirus-positive strains were further characterized using seminested multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

Results Of the 415 diarrheal stool samples collected from children with acute gastroenteritis, 12.3% (n = 51) tested positive by ELISA. Five rotavirus G genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G9, and G12) and three P genotypes (P[4], P[6], and P[8]) were detected. Eight genotype combinations were detected with G1P[8], G12P[8], and G3P[6] being the most prevalent (9.8% each) followed by G1P[6], G2P[4], and G9P[8] (5.9% each). G/P mix types representing 25.5% (n = 13) of strains were detected during the study period.

Conclusion This study found a high diversity of rotavirus strains with emerging unusual rotavirus genotypes and a concurrent high proportion of mixed infections. This increased antigenic diversity of rotavirus strains may impact on vaccine effectiveness and rotavirus epidemiology and highlights the importance of continuous surveillance.

Keywords

circulating - rotavirus - genotypes - children - Zaria - Northwestern Nigeria


Publication History

Received: 06 September 2020

Accepted: 05 March 2021

Article published online:
08 July 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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