Emergent Hybrid Treatment of a Ruptured Scalp Arteriovenous Fistula with Eyelid involvement: Technical Note

Abstract

Background Scalp arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are a rare vascular disease usually presenting as a progressively increasing pulsating mass in the scalp. These lesions can be associated with mild to severe complications, including congestive heart failure. If ruptures, this pathology constitutes a life-threatening medical emergency because of its potential to cause severe bleeding and acute anemia.

Methods We describe the case of a young woman with a ruptured Yokouchi type C scalp AVF with eyelid involvement.

Results The patient presented with hypovolemic shock and acute anemia due to severe bleeding from the lesion. Emergent treatment through a combined endovascular and open surgical approach was required to stop bleeding and stabilize the patient.

Conclusions Emergent and effective treatment is required to stop bleeding when a scalp AVF ruptures. A combination of endovascular embolization and microsurgical excision of the shunt is a treatment option.

Keywords

arteriovenous fistula - cirsoid aneurysm - endovascular therapy - open vascular surgery - scalp

Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 28. Mai 2020

Angenommen: 22. September 2020

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
12. April 2021

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