Abstract
Background To evaluate the utilization of image guidance technology for pediatric transsphenoidal
pituitary resection (TSPR) and analyze the complication rates, length of stay (LOS),
and total cost for such surgeries as function of time and utilization of image guidance.
Methods The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) was queried
for all cases of TSPR between 1997 and 2016. Factors extracted included patient demographics,
use of image guidance, LOS, total cost, and complications, including panhypopituitarism,
diabetes insipidus (DI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, and cranial nerve (CN)
III, IV, and VI palsies. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to determine
the odds ratio of developing panhypopituitarism, DI, CSF rhinorrhea, and CN palsies
for image-guided versus nonimage-guided cases. A generalized linear model was used
to determine the effect of image guidance on inflation-adjusted total cost and LOS.
Results A total of 1,297 cases of TSPR were included in the KID over this time period. The
majority were female, Caucasian, and older than 15 years. Utilization of image guidance
has rapidly increased since 2006. Complication rates were comparable, but when controlling
for other factors, the use of image guidance showed a lower risk of postoperative
DI (p = 0.05). The use of image guidance also resulted in a shorter LOS by 2.84 days (p < 0.001) with no associated increase in total cost (p = 0.663).
Conclusion The use of imaging guidance for pediatric TSPR has precipitously increased in recent
years, as it is cost-effective, decreases LOS, and may lead to lower complication
rates, such as DI.
Keywords skull base surgery - cost - analysis - quality - metrics - computer-assisted surgery
- rhinorrhea
