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Int J Angiol 2020; 29(01): 012-018
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402744
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Factors Affecting Mortality in Patients with Blood-Culture Negative Infective Endocarditis

Lira Firiana
1   Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta
,
Bambang Budi Siswanto 
1   Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta
,
Emir Yonas 
2   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Yarsi, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Radityo Prakoso
1   Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta
,
Raymond Pranata 
3   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
04 February 2020 (online)

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Abstract

Infective endocarditis retains high morbidity and mortality rates despite recent advances in diagnostics, pharmacotherapy, and surgical intervention. Risk stratification in endocarditis patients, including blood-culture negative endocarditis, is crucial in deciding the optimal management strategy; however, the studies investigating risk stratification in these patients were lacking despite the difference with blood-culture positive endocarditis. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in blood-culture negative infective endocarditis patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta in blood-culture negative infective endocarditis patients from 2013 to 2015. Patient characteristics, clinical parameters, echocardiographic parameters, and clinical complications were collected from medical records and hospital information systems. There were 146 patients that satisfy the inclusion and exclusion criteria out of 162 patients with blood-culture infective endocarditis. The in-hospital mortality rate was 13.5%. On bivariate analyses, factors that were related to in-hospital mortality include New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV heart failure (p = 0.007), history of hypertension (p = 0.021), stroke during hospitalization (p < 0.001), the decline in renal function (p < 0.001), and surgery (p = 0.028). Variables that were independently associated with mortality upon multivariate analysis were heart failure NYHA functional class III and IV (OR 7.56, p = 0.011), worsening kidney function (OR 10.23, p < 0.001), and stroke during hospitalization (OR 8.92, p = 0.001). Presence of heart failure with NYHA functional class III and IV, worsening kidney function, and stroke during hospitalization were independently associated with in-hospital mortality in blood-culture infective endocarditis patients.

Keywords

blood-culture negative infective endocarditis - mortality - heart failure - renal function

Financial Support

This paper received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.


Data Availability

The data, available in SPSS v25, used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.


Ethical Approval

Ethics Committee of National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita provided ethical approval for this study.


 

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