Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel 2019; 14(S 01): S43-S44
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688233
Poster
Entzündung und mehr
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice by FGF21 secretion

T Castano Martinez
1   Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Experimentelle Diabetologie, Nuthetal, Germany
,
D Weber
1   Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Experimentelle Diabetologie, Nuthetal, Germany
,
C Weikert
2   German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Food Safety, Berlin, Germany
,
A Schürmann
1   Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Experimentelle Diabetologie, Nuthetal, Germany
,
T Laeger
1   Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Experimentelle Diabetologie, Nuthetal, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
07 May 2019 (online)

 
 

    Background and aims:

    Protein restricted (PR) diets prevent type 2 diabetes in diabetes-susceptible New Zealand obese (NZO) mice since it increases plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Dietary methionine restriction (MR) is known to mimic metabolic effects of PR with FGF21 as a required mechanism. Therefore, we tested in NZO mice whether a MR protects against diabetes. Moreover, we investigated whether a decreased methionine intake caused by meat-free diets modulates plasma FGF21 in humans.

    Materials and methods:

    After weaning, male NZO mice were placed on high-fat diets that provided methionine at control (0.86%; CON-MR) or low levels (0.17%; MR) for up to 9 weeks. Glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and other metabolic endpoints were assessed. Among humans, plasma FGF21 levels were investigated by comparing vegans and vegetarians to omnivore, and the effect of short-term vegetarian diet on FGF21 induction.

    Results:

    MR elevated plasma FGF21 (CON = 0.6 ± 0.1 ng/ml, MR = 8.7 ± 0.9 ng/ml) and adiponectin levels (CON = 23.0 ± 1.1 µg/ml, MR = 33.4 ± 2.0 µg/ml), increased the energy expenditure (CON = 9.1 ± 0.5 kcal × kg\h, MR = 12.5 ± 0.9 kcal × kg\h) and prevented onset of hyperglycemia independently of food intake and adiposity. Human plasma FGF21 levels were higher in vegans and vegetarians compared to omnivores, and four days switch to vegetarian diet increased plasma FGF21 in omnivores.

    Conclusion:

    MR elevates plasma FGF21 levels and protects from hyperglycemia in NZO mice. Patients at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes may benefit from dietary changes in favor of MR, via increased circulating levels of FGF21.


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