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Nervenheilkunde 2018; 37(01/02): 43-49
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642077
Kopfschmerz
Schattauer GmbH

Das reversible zerebrale Vasokonstriktionssyndrom

Als Ursache von Donnerschlagkopfschmerzen unterschätzt?The reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromeAn underestimated cause of thunderclap headache?
K. Kamm
1   Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
,
R. Ruscheweyh
1   Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
,
A. Straube
1   Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingegangen am: 04 October 2017

angenommen am: 23 October 2017

Publication Date:
30 March 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Das reversible zerebrale Vasokonstriktionssyndrom (RCVS) ist eine häufige, wahrscheinlich unterdiagnostizierte Ursache des Donnerschlagkopfschmerzes. Typischerweise präsentiert sich das RCVS mit einem stärksten, innerhalb von weniger als 1 Minute sein Maximum erreichenden Kopfschmerz. Dieser kann innerhalb von wenigen Wochen, oft getriggert durch körperliche Anstrengung, emotionale Belastung oder Valsalva-Manöver, immer wieder auftreten. Die Erkrankung verläuft meist monosymptomatisch, selbstlimitierend und benigne, allerdings können intrazerebrale Blutungen, Ischämien oder ein PRES komplizierend auftreten. Im folgenden Artikel sollen die typische Präsentation des RCVS, Komplikationen, Verlauf, Therapie und Pathophysiologie vorgestellt werden.

Summary

The reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a common but probably underdiagnosed cause of thunderclap headache. Typically, the RCVS presents with an excruciating headache reaching its peak within a minute. The headache can reoccur for several weeks triggered by exertion, emotions or Valsalva’s manoeuvres. The course of the disease is mostly monosymptomatic and benign, although accompanying symptoms like intracerebral haemorrhage, stroke or PRES are possible. In this review the typical presentation of RCVS, complications, course, management and pathophysiology are described.

Schlüsselwörter

Donnerschlagkopfschmerz - reversibles zerebrales Vasokonstriktionssyndrom - posteriores reversibles Enzephalopathiesyndrom - IHSKlassifikation

Keywords

Thunderclap headache - reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome - posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome - IHS-classification
 

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