Internetbasierte psychologische Behandlungen bei Depressionen und Angststörungen

Zusammenfassung

Internetbasierte psychologische Behandlung gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung und wird intensiv beforscht. Vorteile dieser Form der Behandlung sind die leichte Verfügund Vervielfältigbarkeit. Grenzen werden beispielsweise in Krisensituationen der Patienten erreicht. Internetbasierte psychologische Interventionen werden eingeteilt nach der Intensität des therapeutischen Kontaktes, dem zugrunde liegenden Therapieansatz und der medialen Gestaltung der Intervention. Es liegen zahlreiche Studien und Metaanalysen zur Wirksamkeit internetbasierter psychologischer Behandlungen bei Angststörungen und Depression vor. Allerdings wurden die meisten Studien bei selbstselegierten Patientenstichproben außerhalb der Routineversorgung durchgeführt. Bei diesen Patienten haben sich insbesondere internetbasierte Interventionen, die einen therapeutischen Kontakt beinhalten (z. B. therapeutengeleitete Selbsthilfeprogramme), in vielen Studien als wirksam erwiesen. In Zukunft sollte vermehrt der Einsatz internetbasierter Interventionen in der Routineversorgung erforscht werden.

Summary

Research on internet-based psychological treatments has grown rapidly. Advantages of internet-based treatments include their availability and scalability. Concerns noted about online treatments relate e. g. how to deal with acute crisis. Internet-based psychological treatments can be divided based on the intensity of therapist involvement, the therapeutic model that is applied and the use of different media in the design of the intervention. Numerous controlled studies and metaanalyses testing the efficacy of internetbased treatments for anxiety disorders and depression have been published. Most of these trials are efficacy studies, evaluating Internet-based treatments in universitybased settings with self-selected samples of patients. For these patients, internet-based treatments, especially those including a contact with therapists (e. g. guided self-help treatments), have repeatedly shown their efficacy. Future studies should increasingly investigate internet-based treatments in routine health care settings.

Schlüsselwörter

Internet - Computer - Depression - Angststörungen - Psychotherapie - Internettherapie - Selbsthilfe - geleitete Selbsthilfe - Prävention

Keywords

Internet - computer - depression - anxiety disorders - psychotherapy - internet-based treatment - self-help - guided self-help - prevention

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