Sucht, psychiatrische Komorbidität und das serotonerge System

Zusammenfassung

Komorbide psychiatrische Störungen sind bei Suchtmittelerkrankten eher die Regel als die Ausnahme. Der Einfluss auf Behandlungskosten, Verlauf und Einschränkung der Lebensqualität ist nicht zu unterschätzen. Anhand von Untersuchungen unserer Forschungsgruppe werden Daten präsentiert, die im Einklang mit der wissenschaftlichen Literatur, hohe Prävalenzzahlen von psychiatrischen komorbiden Störungen bei Alkohol- Opioid- und Nikotinabhängigen aufzeigen, vor allem Angst- und affektive Störungen. Von der anderen Seite her gesehen wird auch eine hohe Prävalenz von schädlichem Suchtmittelgebrauch bei Patienten mit einer Angststörung oder einer Persönlichkeitsstörung beobachtet. Hierbei handelt es sich zumeist um GABAerge Substanzen wie Alkohol und Benzodiazepine. Diese Befunde könnten auf Dysfunktionen bestimmter zentralnervöser Neurotransmittersysteme hinweisen.

Summary

Comorbid psychiatric disorders are a common finding in substance addicted subjects. They have an enormous impact on treatment costs, course and restriction in quality of life. Data from our research group are presented which, according to recent scientific literature, demonstrate a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in alcohol-, opioid-, and nicotine-addicted individuals, before all of anxiety- and affective disorders. Seen from a different point of view a high prevalence of harmful substance use can be observed in patients with anxiety disorders or with borderline personality disorder. Substances abused are mostly alcohol and benzodiazepines. These findings may be related to possible dysfunctions of distinct central nervous transmitter systems.

Schlüsselwörter

Substanzabhängigkeit - Komorbidität - Angst- und affektive Störungen - Prävalenz

Keywords

Substance addiction - comorbidity - anxiety and affective disorders - prevalence

• Literatur

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