Multiples Myelom mit ausgeprägter multifokaler Osteolyse ohne nachweisbare Gammopathie bei einem Hund

Zusammenfassung

Darstellung einer Variante des multiplen Myeloms bei einem Hund, die ohne die für diese Neoplasie charakteristische Gammopathie einhergeht. Ein Border-Collie-Mischling wurde mit seit 6 Wochen zunehmender Hinterhandschwäche, Lethargie und Müdigkeit vorgestellt. Röntgenaufnahmen zeigten einerseits im Bereich der Wirbelsäule kleine osteolytische Bezirke, aber auch diffus kleine Verschattungen, andererseits im Bereich des Beckens und beider Femurhälse eine herabgesetzte Knochendichte in Form marmorierter Zeichnungen. Labordiagnostisch bestanden eine leichte regenerative Anämie, Hypogammopathie und Hyperkalzämie. Bei der computertomographischen Untersuchung stellte sich eine multifokale Osteolyse und Knochendestruktion im Bereich der Schädelknochen, der Wirbelsäule, der Scapulae, der proximalen Anteile der Humeri, Radii, im Becken und in den Femurhälsen dar. Die Bioptate zeigten in der HE-Färbung eine monomorphe plasmazytoide Zellpopulation, die infiltrativ das Knochenmark verdrängte, sowie Knochenlyse. Die neoplastischen Zellen reagierten stark positiv in der CD79a- und IgG-Färbung. Das Knochenmark wies 70%, in vielen Bezirken bis zu 100% Plasmazellen auf. Es lag ein multiples Myelom ohne Sekretion von Paraproteinen in die Blutbahn vor.

Summary

Description of a variant of multiple myeloma in a dog lacking the gammopathy normally associated with this type of neoplasm. A Border Collie mongrel was presented with symptoms of progressive hind-leg weakness, lethargy and tiredness, which had started to appear 6 weeks previously. Radiographic examination showed small osteolytic areas in the spinal column, but also diffuse small areas of increased opacity as well as evidence of decreased bone density in the pelvis and of both femoral necks. Moderate regenerative anaemia, hypogammopathy and hypercalcaemia were diagnosed. Computed tomography scans displayed multifocal osteolysis and bone destruction in the skull, spinal column, scapulae, proximal humeri, pelvis and femoral necks. H&E staining of the biopsies showed bone destruction and monomorphic plasmacyotid cell populations, causing infiltrative bone marrow lesions and osteolysis. In many areas neoplastic plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow was 70% and in some areas reached 100%. The diagnosis was non-secretory multiple myeloma without apparent secretion of paraproteins into the blood.

Schlüsselwörter

Onkologie - nicht sekretorisches Myelom - hämatopoetische Tumoren - Knochendestruktion

Keywords

Oncology - non-secretory myeloma - hematopoietic tumour - bone destruction

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