Diabetische Mikroangiopathie

Zusammenfassung

Die diabetische Retinopathie ist die häufigste mikrovaskuläre Komplikation des Diabetes mellitus. Sie hängt im Wesentlichen von der Stoffwechselkontrolle durch den Patienten ab, gemessen am HbA1c. Die Schädigungskaskade bringt Veränderungen im zellulären Crosstalk der Retinakapillare mit sich, an deren Anfang der Verlust der Perizyten steht. Durch Untersuchungen an transgenen und diabetischen Modellen kann die relative Bedeutung dieses Phänomens eingeordnet werden. Neue Einblicke in die biochemischen und zellbiologischen Zusammenhänge zwischen Hyperglykämie und vaskulärem Zellschaden begründen metabolische Signalhemmer als neue Therapieansätze zur Behandlung der diabetischen Mikroangiopathie.

Summary

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus, mostly determined by chronic glycaemia as measured by HbA1c. The sequence of events involves changes in the cellular crosstalk of the retinal capillary, initiated by the loss of intramural pericytes. Data from transgenic and diabetic models allow to assess the relative importance of this phenomenon. New insight into biochemical and cell biological interactions from hyperglycaemia to vascular injury establish metabolic signal blockers as novel therapeutic approaches for diabetic microangiopathy.

Schlüsselwörter

Diabetes mellitus - Retinopathie - Mikroangiopathie - Perizyten

Keywords

Diabetes - retinopathy - microangiopathy - pericytes

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