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DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1616424
Psychobiologische Marker der Depression
Psychobiological markers of depressionPublication History
eingegangen am:
10 June 2016
angenommen am:
22 June 2016
Publication Date:
12 January 2018 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Ziel des Artikels ist es, einen Einblick in den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu psychobiologischen Markern der Depression zu geben sowie dessen klinische Relevanz und zukünftige Perspektiven aufzuzeigen. Auf der psychologischen Ebene wird dabei auf unterschiedliche Varianten von kognitiven Emotionsregulationsstrategien eingegangen. Bei den neuronalen Markern der Depression werden die als für die Emotionsgenerierung relevant identifizierten Hirnregionen beschrieben sowie die Bereiche, die in fMRT-Studien als regulatorische Zentren identifiziert werden konnten. Weiterhin werden genetische Einflussfaktoren auf die Emotionsregulation dargestellt. Als neuste Erweiterung des Forschungsfelds werden erste Erkenntnisse zur Mitochondrienaktivität als einem systembiologischen Marker der Depression erläutert. Vor dem Hintergrund der Forschungsergebnisse kann von einer Entwicklung der hauptsächlich symptomorientierten Behandlung der Depression zu einer individueller gestaltbaren Therapie ausgegangen werden.
Summary
This article aims to give a review of the research on psychobiological markers of depression, and to identify its current clinical relevance and future prospects. At the psychological level, different variants of cognitive emotion regulation strategies are described. At the neural level, we specify such brain regions, which were identified as relevant for emotion generation as well as those areas, which have been identified as regulatory centers in fMRI studies. Furthermore, genetic influences on emotion regulation are described. As latest addition to the research field, initial findings on mitochondrial activity are explained as a biological marker of depression at the system level. The reviewed findings suggest a development from a mainly symptom-oriented treatment of depression towards an individual personalized therapy.
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