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Journal of Pediatric Neurology 2018; 16(03): 148-163
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604061
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Central Nervous System Involvement in Pediatric Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Brielle Stanton
1   Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
,
Andrea Knight
2   Division of Rheumatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
3   Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

30 December 2016

18 May 2017

Publication Date:
06 July 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement occurs in many pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases. These manifestations are often associated with increased morbidity and mortality and can have adverse long-term effects on neurodevelopmental, health-related, and quality-of-life outcomes. In this review, we summarize the existing literature on CNS involvement in pediatric systemic autoimmune diseases, compare diagnostic findings, and describe current treatments. CNS manifestations of pediatric systemic autoimmune disease present diagnostic and management challenges due to their relatively rare occurrence in children, the difficulty in confirming direct CNS involvement as opposed to secondary symptoms occurring as a consequence of systemic inflammation, and the need to define treatment strategies effective for CNS involvement.

Keywords

systemic autoimmune disease - pediatric - central nervous system
 

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