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J Pediatr Infect Dis 2016; 11(03): 55-64
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597299
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Sepsis and Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury

Authors

  • A. Nillsen

    1   Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, Australia

  • Alison L. Kent

    1   Department of Neonatology, Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, Canberra Hospital, Woden, Australia
    2   Department of Neonatology, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia
Further Information

Publication History

03 August 2016

02 September 2016

Publication Date:
19 December 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Although the neonatal period is only the first 28 days of life, it accounts globally for in excess of 40% of deaths of children younger than 5 years of age. Sepsis is an important contributor to this burden of neonatal death as well as disease. Sepsis is in addition a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates. Neonatal AKI independently contributes toward mortality and morbidity with neonates dying because of AKI. The neonates' response to sepsis and AKI is complicated by hemodynamic instability from cardiac and intrapulmonary shunts as well as immature renal function. This review article will examine the at-risk neonatal populations, causes of and risk factors for neonatal sepsis, pathophysiology, fluid overload, prevention, and global perspectives.

Keywords

neonate - acute kidney injury - sepsis - preterm