Auswirkungen eines Schnullers mit besonders dünnem Saugerhals auf die Okklusion im Milchgebiss – Ergebnisse einer randomisierten klinischen Studie

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Evaluierung der Auswirkungen eines Schnullers mit besonders dünnem Saugerhals auf die Okklusion im Milchgebiss bei Kindern mit zuvor diagnostiziertem frontal offenen Biss (FOB) und vergrößertem Overjet (horizontalem Überbiss).

Methoden Durchführung einer prospektiven randomisierten klinischen Studie in der Abteilung für Präventive Zahnheilkunde und Kinderzahnheilkunde am Universitätsklinikum Jena, Deutschland. 86 Kleinkinder (Durchschnittsalter 20,3 Monate) mit Schnuller-assoziiertem offenen Biss oder Overjet von ≥2 mm wurden randomisiert einer von 3 Gruppen zugewiesen: Gruppe I (n=28), Interventionsgruppe, Umstellung auf Schnuller mit besonders dünnem Saugerhals; Gruppe II (n=30), Kontrollgruppe, Weiterverwendung des bisherigen Schnullers (konventioneller oder physiologischer Schnuller); und Gruppe III (n=28), Interventionsgruppe, Gold Standard, Abgewöhnung des Schnullers. Die Kinder wurden über einen Zeitraum von 12 Monaten beobachtet.

Ergebnisse Nach 12 Monaten wurden die Daten von 63 Kindern (mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 33,1 Monaten) analysiert (I: n=24; II: n=22; III: n=17). Dabei zeigte sich zwischen den Gruppen ein signifikanter Unterschied in Bezug auf Overjet und Overbite. Kinder, die den Schnuller mit besonders dünnem Saugerhals verwendeten, hatten signifikant bessere Ergebnisse bezüglich Overjet und Overbite als Kinder mit konventionellem oder physiologischem Schnuller. Kinder, denen der Schnuller abgewöhnt worden war, wiesen die besten Messergebnisse auf.

Schlussfolgerung Die Verwendung eines Schnullers mit besonders dünnem Saugerhals resultierte im Vergleich zur weiterführenden Benutzung eines konventionellen oder physiologischen Schnullers in besseren klinischen Messergebnissen für Overjet und Overbite.

Abstract

AimTo evaluate the effect of a thin-neck pacifier (TNP) on occlusal characteristics in the primary dentition.

Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Jena University Hospital, Germany. 86 children (mean age 20.3 months) with a previously diagnosed pacifier-associated anterior open bite (AOB) and/or increased overjet ≥2 mm were randomly assigned to three groups: group I (n = 28), intervention group using a TNP; group II (n = 30), control group, using the initial conventional or physiological pacifier; and group III (n = 28), intervention group, Gold standard, weaned off pacifier. Subjects were observed over a period of 12 months.

Results Data for 63 children (mean age 33.1 months) were analyzed (I: n = 24; II: n = 22; III: n = 17). Children in group I who had used the TNP showed statistically significant better results regarding overjet and overbite compared to children with continuing use of conventional or physiological pacifiers. The best clinical measurements were observed in group III, children, who were weaned off their pacifier.

Conclusion Children who had used the TNP showed better occlusal characteristics in the primary dentition (clinical measurements regarding overjet and overbite) compared to children with continuing use of conventional or physiological pacifiers.

Schlüsselwörter

Kinder - Schnuller - Overbite - Overjet - offener Biss

Key words

children - pacifier - overbite - overjet - open bite

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