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Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2016; 20(05): 441-452
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1594284
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Botulinum Toxin Injections in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Ivan R.B. Godoy
1   Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Dean M. Donahue
2   Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Martin Torriani
1   Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
21 December 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used for multiple clinical indications due to its ability to induce temporary chemodenervation and muscle paralysis. This property has supported its application in treating a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, especially those involving muscular hyperactivity and contractures such as cerebral palsy and dystonia. However, off-label use of BTX injection in other musculoskeletal disorders is gaining increased acceptance, such as in neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, epicondylitis, and shoulder pain after stroke. This review discusses the mechanism of action, best practices, and current indications of BTX injections in the musculoskeletal system. We also discuss the state of the science regarding BTX injections for musculoskeletal disorders and the available evidence supporting its use.

Keywords

botulinum toxin - muscle injection - ultrasound - intervention
 

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