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Sportverletz Sportschaden 2016; 30(02): 85-89
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1567024
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Bergtouren als Präventivmittel von kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen?

Mountaineering for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases?
B. A. Gasser
,
H. H. Hoppeler
,
M. Waibel
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Publication History

Publication Date:
25 April 2016 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Problemstellung: Die Bevölkerung westlicher Länder wird immer dicker, was insbesondere auch auf die körperliche Inaktivität zurückzuführen ist und entsprechend für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen prädisponiert. Gerade Bergtouren respektive das Mehrseillängenklettern scheinen in erster Approximation aufgrund der mehrstündigen Dauer und der niedrigen Intensität protektive Effekte auf den Metabolismus und das kardiovaskuläre System zu haben, da die oft geringe Intensität eine kontinuierliche physische Stimulation bewirkt.

Methoden: Acht Alpinisten in vier Zweier-Seilschaften mit guter Grundkondition und regelmäßiger Kletteraktivität absolvierten eine Mehrseillängenroute (Route via Fritz am Pfriendler 2501 m.ü.M./Gebiet Steingletscher/Sustenpass Kanton Bern/Schweiz) mit total sieben Seillängen im Bereich 4b–5c+ (French Scale). Alle Alpinisten trugen während der ganzen Tour Herzfrequenzmessgeräte, welche eine anschließende Analyse des Verlaufs erlaubten.

Ergebnisse: Die Werte der Herzfrequenz stiegen während dem Durchsteigen einer einzelnen Kletterroute durchschnittlich jeweils von 86 ± 18 auf 135 ± 4 Schläge pro Minute. Die durchschnittliche Herzfrequenz betrug 126 ± 2 Schläge, was durchschnittlich 67 % der maximalen Herzfrequenz entspricht. Die ganze Tour dauerte 5 h 55 min wobei eine durchschnittliche Herzfrequenz von 108 ± 9 Schlägen resultiere, was einen Durchschnitt von 56 ± 5 % der maximalen Herzfrequenz ergibt.

Diskussion: Die Resultate verdeutlichen die niedrige Intensität einer Mehrseillängenbergtour und implizieren eine Stimulation des Fettstoffwechsels, was entsprechend das Potenzial von Bergtouren als präventives Mittel von metabolischen Erkrankungen aufzeigt.

Abstract

Introduction: People in Western countries are gaining more and more weight, which is mainly due to a lack of physical activity predisposing to cardiovascular illnesses. Mountaineering, in particular multi-pitch climbing, seems to have protective effects on the metabolic and cardiovascular systems because it is a low-intensity activity lasting several hours, which leads to continuous physical stimulation.

Methods: Eight climbers in four two-person rope teams with a good leisure sports level and regular climbing activity completed a multi-pitch climbing route (Pfriendler 2501 metres above sea level Via Fritz/Steingletscher/Sustenpass Canton of Bern/Switzerland) with a total of seven pitches with difficulties between 4b and 5c+ (French Scale). Climbers were monitored with heart rate gear during the whole climbing activity, which allowed us to analyse heart rates after climbing.

Results: During a single climbing pitch, heart rate values increased from 86 ± 18 to 135 ± 4 beats per minute on average. The average heart rate was 126 ± 2 beats per minute, which is 67 % of the maximum heart rate on average. The whole tour lasted 5 h 55 min with an average heart rate of 108 ± 9 beats per minute being measured, yielding an average of 56 ± 5 % of the maximum heart rate.

Discussion: The results point out the low intensity of multi-pitch mountaineering and imply a stimulation of fat metabolism, which highlights the potential of mountaineering for preventing metabolic diseases.

Schlüsselwörter

Mehrseillängenrouten - Ausdauerkomponente - kardiopulmonales System - Prävention - Breitensport

Key words

multi-pitch routes - endurance capacity - cardiorespiratory system - prevention - leisure sports
 

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