Suchttherapie 2015; 16(04): 157-162
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564110
Schwerpunktthema
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Männlich, einsam, ängstlich und depressiv – Begleiterkrankungen und Risikofaktoren von Internetsucht

Male, Lonely, Anxious and Depressive – Comorbidities and Risk Factors of Internet Addiction
K. Wölfling
1   Ambulanz für Spielsucht, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz
,
N. Schabinger
1   Ambulanz für Spielsucht, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz
,
M. E. Beutel
1   Ambulanz für Spielsucht, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz
,
K. W. Müller
1   Ambulanz für Spielsucht, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz
,
M. Dreier
1   Ambulanz für Spielsucht, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
16 November 2015 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Der vorliegende Artikel setzt sich mit den bei Computerspiel- und Internetsucht häufig auftretenden subklinischen Risiko- und Begleitfaktoren, sowie häufig diagnostizierten klinischen Komorbiditäten auseinander. Dabei wird zum einen ein fundierter Überblick über die aktuelle internationale Forschungslage zu Art und Auftreten der typischen klinischen Begleiterkrankungen bei Computerspiel- und Internetsucht gegeben, zum anderen aus der Perspektive der qualitativen Forschung auf subklinische Prädispositionen und negative Einschränkungen der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung eingegangen. Daten des überwiegend männlichen Patientenkollektives einer universitären Spezialambulanz, der Ambulanz für Spielsucht Mainz, runden die Arbeit mit einem Ausblick ab.

Abstract

The present article deals with subclinical risk and accompanying factors frequently occurring with internet gaming disorder and internet addiction as well as with frequently diagnosed comorbidities. On the one hand, a well-founded overview concerning the current international state of research is given in terms of typical clinical comorbidities of internet gaming disorder and internet addiction. On the other hand, a closer examination of subclinical predispositions and negative limitations of personality development is made from the perspective of qualitative research. Data of a predominantly male patient collective within a specialized outpatient clinic – the Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addictions – round off this article in combination with an outlook.

 
  • Literatur

  • 1 Association Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Pub; 2013
  • 2 Mak K-K, Lai C-M, Watanabe H et al. Epidemiology of Internet behaviors and addiction among adolescents in six Asian countries. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2014; 17: 720-728
  • 3 Cheng C, Li AY-l. Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: a meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2014; 17: 755-760
  • 4 Achenbach TM. Manual for the youth self-report and 1991 profile. Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Burlington, VT; 1991
  • 5 Wölfling K, Müller KW. Computerspielsucht. In: Batthyány D, Pritz A. Hrsg. Rausch ohne Drogen – Substanzungebundene Süchte. Wien & New York: Springer; 2009: 291-307
  • 6 Cash H, Rae CD, Steel AH et al. Internet addiction: A brief summary of research and practice. Curr Psychiatry Rev 2012; 8: 292
  • 7 Dreier M. Psychological research and a sociological perspective on problematic and addictive computer game use in adolescence. Int J Child Adolesc Health 2013; 6: 422
  • 8 Müller K, Beutel M, Egloff B et al. Investigating risk factors for internet gaming disorder: a comparison of patients with addictive gaming, pathological gamblers and healthy controls regarding the big five personality traits. Eur Addict Res 2014; 20: 129-136
  • 9 Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Binder JF. Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors. Comput Human Behav 2013; 29: 959-966
  • 10 Rumpf H-J, Meyer C, Kreuzer A et al. Prävalenz der Internetabhängigkeit (PINTA). Bericht an das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit Verfügbar über. www drogenbeauftragte de/fileadmin/dateiendba/DrogenundSucht/Computerspiele_Internetsucht/Downloads/PINTA-Bericht-Endfassung_280611 pdf 2011 4
  • 11 Meerkerk G-J, van Den Eijnden RJ, Vermulst AA et al. The compulsive internet use scale (CIUS): some psychometric properties. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009; 12: 1-6
  • 12 Tsitsika A, Janikian M, Tzavela E et al. Internet use and internet addictive behaviour among European adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Athens, Greece: EU NET ADB National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; 2013
  • 13 Young KS, de Abreu CN. Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2010
  • 14 Dreier M, Wölfling K, Beutel M. Internetsucht bei Jugendlichen. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2014; 162: 496-502
  • 15 Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage publications; 2014
  • 16 Carli V, Durkee T, Wasserman D et al. The association between pathological internet use and comorbid psychopathology: a systematic review. Psychopathology 2013; 46: 1-13
  • 17 Young K, Cristiano N. Assessment of Internet addiction. The Center for Internet Addiction Recovery Retrieved 2008; 12: 2012
  • 18 Chen S, Weng L, Su Y et al. Development of a Chinese Internet addiction scale and its psychometric study. Chinese Journal of Psychology 2003; 45: 279
  • 19 Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF et al. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2012; 27: 1-8
  • 20 Wright D, Tone A, Dyck E et al. SCL-90-R and 16PF profiles of senior high school students with excessive internet use. Can J Psychiatry 2005; 50: 407-414
  • 21 Derogatis LR. scl-90-r: NCS. 1994
  • 22 Franke GH. Die Symptom-Checkliste von Derogatis: SCL-90-R; deutsche Version. Göttingen: Beltz; 1995
  • 23 Yen JY, Ko CH, Yen CF et al. Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with Internet addiction: Comparison with substance use. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 62: 9-16
  • 24 Derogatis LR, Spencer P. Brief symptom inventory: BSI. Pearson; Upper Saddle River, NJ: 1993
  • 25 Franke GH, Derogatis LR. BSI: Brief Symptom Inventory von LR Derogatis:(Kurzform der SCL-90-R): deutsche Version: Testmappe. Göttingen: Beltz Test; 2000
  • 26 Goldberg D. General health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Windsor, UK: Nfer-Nelson; 1992. DOI
  • 27 Niemz K, Griffiths M, Banyard P. Prevalence of pathological Internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition. Cyberpsychol Behav 2005; 8: 562-570
  • 28 Volkow N, Li T-K. The neuroscience of addiction. Nat Neurosci 2005; 8: 1429-1430
  • 29 Bai YM, Lin CC, Chen JY. Internet addiction disorder among clients of a virtual clinic. Washington, DC: Psychiatric services; 2001. 52. 1397
  • 30 Ko CH, Ju-Yu Y, Cheng-Chung C et al. Tridimensional personality of adolescents with Internet addiction and substance use experience. Can J Psychiatry 2006; 51: 887
  • 31 Thalemann R, Wölfling K, Grüsser SM. Specific cue reactivity on computer game-related cues in excessive gamers. Behav Neurosci 2007; 121: 614
  • 32 Ko CH, Liu GC, Hsiao S et al. Brain activities associated with gaming urge of online gaming addiction. J Psychiatr Res 2009; 43: 739-747
  • 33 Yoo HJ, Cho SC, Ha J et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2004; 58: 487-494
  • 34 Bernardi S, Pallanti S. Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 2009; 50: 510-516
  • 35 Castellanos FX, Tannock R. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci 2002; 3: 617-628
  • 36 Diamond A. Attention-deficit disorder: a neurobiologically and behaviorally distinct disorder from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [with hyperactivity]. Dev Psychopathol 2005; 17: 807-825
  • 37 Ha JH, Yoo HJ, Cho IH et al. Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;
  • 38 Kim K, Ryu E, Chon M-Y et al. Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2006; 43: 185-192
  • 39 Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B et al. Internet paradox revisited. 2001
  • 40 Wrase J, Reimold M, Puls I et al. Serotonergic dysfunction: brain imaging and behavioral correlates. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2006; 6: 53-61
  • 41 Lee YS, Han DH, Yang KC et al. Depression like characteristics of 5HTTLPR polymorphism and temperament in excessive internet users. J Affect Disord 2008; 109: 165-169
  • 42 Shepherd R-M, Edelmann RJ. Reasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Indiv 2005; 39: 949-958
  • 43 Milani L, Osualdella D, Di Blasio P. Quality of interpersonal relationships and problematic Internet use in adolescence. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009; 12: 681-684
  • 44 Huang H, Leung L. Instant messaging addiction among teenagers in China: shyness, alienation, and academic performance decrement. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009; 12: 675-679
  • 45 Yen JY, Ko CH, Yen CF et al. The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of Internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility. J Adolesc Health 2007; 41: 93-98
  • 46 Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF et al. Factors predictive for incidence and remission of internet addiction in young adolescents: a prospective study. Cyberpsychol Behav 2007; 10: 545-551
  • 47 Shapira NA, Goldsmith TD, Keck PE et al. Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. J Affect Disord 2000; 57: 267-272
  • 48 Müller K, Beutel M, Wölfling K. A contribution to the clinical characterization of Internet Addiction in a sample of treatment seekers: validity of assessment, severity of psychopathology and type of co-morbidity. Compr Psychiatry 2014; 55: 770-777
  • 49 Franke G. Handbuch SCL-90R. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 1994
  • 50 Wölfling K, Beutel ME, Koch A et al. Comorbid internet addiction in male clients of inpatient addiction rehabilitation centers: psychiatric symptoms and mental comorbidity. J Nerv Ment Dis 2013; 201: 934-940
  • 51 Müller K, Koch A, Beutel M et al. Komorbide Internetsucht unter Patienten der stationären Suchtrehabilitation: Eine explorative Erhebung zur klinischen Prävalenz. Psychiatr Prax 2012; 39: 286-292
  • 52 Wölfling K, Beutel ME, Müller KW. OSV-S – Skala zum Onlinesuchtverhalten (in press). In: Geue K, Strauß B, Brähler E. Hrsg. Diagnostische Verfahren in der Psychotherapie. Göttingen: Hogrefe;
  • 53 Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB et al. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Jama 1999; 282: 1737-1744
  • 54 Jang KS, Hwang SY, Choi JY. Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms among Korean adolescents. J Sch Health 2008; 78: 165-171
  • 55 Müller K, Janikian M, Dreier M et al. Regular gaming behavior and internet gaming disorder in European adolescents: results from a cross-national representative survey of prevalence, predictors, and psychopathological correlates. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; DOI: 1-10.
  • 56 Gentile DA, Choo H, Liau A et al. Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 2011; 127: e319-e329