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Planta Med 2014; 80(17): 1569-1579
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383121
Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Original Papers
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Attenuation of Cisplatin-Induced Emetogenesis by Standardized Bacopa monnieri Extracts in the Pigeon: Behavioral and Neurochemical Correlations

Ihsan Ullah
1   Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
2   Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
,
Fazal Subhan
2   Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
,
John A. Rudd
3   School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, China
,
Khalid Rauf
4   Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
,
Javaid Alam
2   Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
,
Muhammad Shahid
2   Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
,
Robert D. E. Sewell
5   Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 19 June 2014
revised 17 August 2014

accepted 27 August 2014

Publication Date:
08 October 2014 (online)

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Attenuation of Cisplatin-Induced Emetogenesis by Standardized Bacopa monnieri Extracts in the Pigeon: Behavioral and Neurochemical CorrelationsPlanta Med 2014; 80(17): E3-E3
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383298

Abstract

Nausea and vomiting are the most distressing and common side effects of cancer chemotherapy which often result in patient noncompliance. In the present study, standardized methanolic and n-butanolic fractions of Bacopa monnieri were evaluated against cisplatin-induced emesis in the pigeon in relation to their activity on central and intestinal neurotransmitters levels. Cisplatin (7.0 mg/kg, i. v.) induced reproducible emesis without lethality in healthy pigeons. The methanolic (10–40 mg/kg) and the bacoside-rich n-butanolic fractions of B. monnieri (5–20 mg/kg), as well as the antioxidant N-(2-mercaptopropionyl) glycine (10 mg/kg), attenuated cisplatin-induced emesis by 66.3 % (p < 0.05), 71.6 % (p < 0.001), and 76.5 % (p < 0.001), respectively, where the standard antiemetic metoclopramide (30 mg/kg) produced a 48.9 % reduction (p < 0.01). The methanolic and n-butanolic fractions of B. monnieri at all of the doses tested significantly reduced the serotonin concentration (p < 0.001) in the brain stem and intestine 3 h after cisplatin administration, while at the 18th h, B. monnieri treatments attenuated not only the dopamine upsurge in the area postrema and brain stem (p < 0.05–0.001), but also the intestinal 5-HT concentration (p < 0.01–0.001). B. monnieri treatments alone did not alter the basal neurotransmitters or their metabolites in the brain areas and intestine. The prolonged suppressive effect of B. monnieri treatments on the behavioral signs of cisplatin-induced emesis, the subsequent supportive neural evidence, and the safety and tolerability profile suggest that B. monnieri methanolic and bacoside-rich n-butanolic fractions might be a valuable adjunct in the treatment of emetogenic chemotherapy, and this warrants further study in other models of emesis.

Key words

cisplatin - emesis - Bacopa monnieri - Scrophulariaceae - antiemetic - pigeon

Supporting Information

 

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