Achtsamkeit und Depression als Mediatoren von Hilflosigkeit auf die Lebensqualität bei Krebspatienten

Zusammenfassung

Insgesamt wurden ca. 50 Krebspatienten zu vier Messzeitpunkten über einen Zeitraum von jeweils 1 Jahr mit dem Freiburger Fragebogen zur Achtsamkeit (FFA; 56), der deutschen Version der Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D; 19), der Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life − DW (SEIQoL-DW; 42) sowie nach der Psychoonkologischen Basisdokumentation (PO-BaDo) untersucht. Die Beziehungen zwischen Hilflosigkeit, Achtsamkeit, Depression und Lebensqualität wurden nach Hayes 17 mithilfe des computergestützten Instruments PROCESS analysiert. Es zeigte sich, dass die Verringerung der Hilflosigkeit die Lebensqualität der Krebspatienten nicht direkt, sondern indirekt erhöhte. Zwei indirekte Effekte wurden festgestellt: Zum einen wirkte sich − vermittelt durch die seriell wirkenden Mediatoren Achtsamkeit (Erhöhung) und Depression (Verminderung) − die Verringerung der Hilflosigkeit positiv auf die Lebensqualität der Krebspatienten aus. Zum anderen zeigte sich vorübergehend ein weiterer indirekter negativer Effekt, den Hilflosigkeit, unabhängig von Achtsamkeit, allein über Depression auf die Lebensqualität der Krebspatienten ausübte.

Summary

For a period of over one year, a total of 50 cancer patients were examined on four occasions with the „Freiburger Fragebogen zur Achtsamkeit“ (FFA; 56), the German version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D; 19), the Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life - DW (SEIQoL-DW; 42) as well as the  Basic Documentation for Psycho-Oncology  (PO-BaDo). The relationship between mindfulness, helplessness, depression and quality of life were analyzed according to Hayes 17 using the computer-assisted instrument; PROCESS. It turned out that the reduction of helplessness does not directly, but indirectly increase the quality of life of cancer patients. Two indirect effects were observed: The reduction of helplessness, transmitted by the mediators of mindfulness (increase) and depression (decrease) had a positive effect on the quality of life of cancer patients. On the other hand, the temporary indirect negative effect of helplessness, regardless of mindfulness, exerted depression on the quality of life of cancer patients.

Schlüsselwörter

Hilflosigkeit - Lebensqualität - Krebspatienten - Achtsamkeit - Depression - Mediator

Keywords

Quality of life - cancer patients - mindfulness - depression - helplessness - mediator

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