Depression und Gedächtnis: Gedächtnisleistungen im Vergleich zwischen Depressiven und Gesunden

Zusammenfassung

Studienziel:

Die Studie untersucht, ob Patienten mit erstmaliger und rezidivierender Depression Beeinträchtigungen in ihrer Gedächtnisleistung im Vergleich zu Gesunden aufweisen. Es werden Gedächtnisleistungen in Aufgaben des freien Abrufs und in Wiedererkennungsaufgaben untersucht und verglichen.

Methode:

Gedächtnisleistungen von 200 depressiven Patienten in ambulanter oder stationärer Behandlung und 200 Gesunde wurden unter Verwendung einer psychometrischen Testbatterie erhoben. Die Datenauswertung erfolgte deskriptiv sowie inferenzstatistisch mittels Analysen von Mittelwertsunterschieden und Heterogenitätsanalysen von Effektgrößen.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung:

Depressive zeigten in allen episodischen Gedächtniskomponenten bedeutsam schlechtere Leistungen als Gesunde. Die Ausprägung dieser Leistungseinbußen variiert jedoch in Abhängigkeit von der Form des affektiven Störungsbildes und der Art der zugrundeliegenden Gedächtnisaufgabe.

Abstract

Background:

This study examines whether pa­tients suffering from a major depression episode or recurrent depression reveal impairments in different memory components compared to healthy controls. Memory functions are examined and compared by assessing the examinees’ performances on free recall and recognition tasks.

Methods:

Performances of 200 depressed inpatients and outpatients as well as 200 healthy controls on memory tasks were assessed using a psychometric test battery. Data was evaluated by analyzing the differences of mean values and the heterogeneity of relevant effect sizes.

Results and conclusion:

Depressed patients showed lower performances on all episodic mem­ory tasks compared to healthy controls. The size of deficits turned out to vary depending on the type of affective disorder and the type of mem­ory task.

Schlüsselwörter

Gedächtnis - Depression - kognitive Beeinträchtigungen - Wechsler Memory Scale - neuropsychologische Leistungsdiagnostik

Key words

memory - depression - cognitive impairment - Wechsler Memory Scale - neuropsychological assessment

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