Systemic and Local Peripheral Injections of Vitamin B12 Suppressed Orofacial Nociception Induced by Formalin in Rats

A. Erfanparast; M. Escort; E. Tamaddonfard; S. Maroufi; S. Kazemi-Shojaei; M. Dabbaghi; M. Taati

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1353164

Drug Research, Table of Contents

Drug Res (Stuttg) 2014; 64(02): 85-90
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1353164

Original Article

Systemic and Local Peripheral Injections of Vitamin B₁₂ Suppressed Orofacial Nociception Induced by Formalin in Rats

A. Erfanparast

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

M. Escort

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

E. Tamaddonfard

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

S. Maroufi

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

S. Kazemi-Shojaei

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

M. Dabbaghi

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

,

M. Taati

¹Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Vitamin B₁₂ has many biological functions including antinociceptive property. This study was designed to investigate the effects of local peripheral (into upper lip) and systemic injection of vitamin B₁₂ and diclofenac on the orofacial pain. Orofacial pain was induced by subcutaneous injection 50 µL of a diluted formalin solution (1.5%) in the right upper lip. The time spent face rubbing performed with ipsilateral forepaw was measured in 3 min blocks for a period of 45 min. Formalin produced a biphasic pattern (early phase: 0–3 min and second phase: 15–33 min) of pain response. Systemic (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg) and local peripheral (2.5, 5 and 10 µg/rat) injections of vitamin B₁₂ significantly attenuated the second phase of formalin-induced pain. The same results were obtained from systemic (2 and 4 mg/kg) and local peripheral (100 and 200 µg/rat) injections of diclofenac. Systemic co-administrations of vitamin B₁₂ and diclofenac increased vitamin B₁₂-induced antinociception. Local co-administrations of vitamin B₁₂ and diclofenac enhanced antinociception induced by diclofenac. The obtained results indicated that vitamin B₁₂ and diclofenac produced powerful suppressing effects on orofacial inflammatory pain. Co-treatments with vitamin B₁₂ and diclofenac produced more antinociceptive effects. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway may be involved in antinociception induced by vitamin B₁₂.

Key words

vitamin B₁₂ - diclofenac - orofacial formalin test - rats

Full Text

References

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